Philippine E-Journals

FARROWING AND WEANING PERFORMANCE OF BLACK TIAONG AND KALINGA NATIVE PIG BREEDS AT A CONSERVATION FARM, PHILIPPINES

Orville L. Bondoc | Jorge Michael D. Dominguez | Renato S.A Vega | Roberto F. Sandoval | Rene C. Santiago

 

Abstract:

Data from 159 Black Tiaong litters and 81 Kalinga litters born from 2011 to 2015 at the native pig conservation farm of the National Swine and Poultry Research and Development Center, Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture, Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines were analyzed to establish breed standards for farrowing and weaning performance. Average parity per sow, farrowing interval, and litter size at birth were not significantly different (P>0.05) between breeds. Black Tiaong sows were significantly older at first farrowing (P<0.01), had significantly heavier pig weight at birth (P<0.05), had piglets weaned at a younger age (P<0.01), and had heavier piglets at weaning (P<0.05) with higher pre-weaning average daily gain (PreADG) (P<0.01) than Kalinga sows. While litter size at weaning was slightly higher in Black Tiaong than Kalinga, farrowing index (FI) and sow productivity index (SPI) were lower in Black Tiaong than Kalinga sows. Litter size at birth and at weaning, weaning age, pig weight at birth and at weaning, PreADG, FI, and SPI in Black Tiaong and Kalinga native breeds were all inferior than the 2012 average performance of commercial swine farms in the Philippines. The only advantage of native breeds over commercial breeds was the lower number of mummified piglets, stillbirths, and piglet mortality before weaning.