The rapid expansion of resistance to available and investigated retroviral drugs that had been observed both in in-vitro and clinical studies had emphasized the need to discover new sources with a novel mechanism of action. Also, the vast number of adverse and side effects revealed for frequent and prolonged used of retroviral drug encourages vigor to look for natural sources as a lead compound for drug development. In this study the ethanolic crude extract from Lantana camara Linn. (wild sage) was screened for its human immunodeficiency virus -1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory property using a reverse transcriptase colorimetry assay kit. The crude extract yielded a percent inhibition of 62.3±8.95 at a concentration of 1250µg/mL (IC50 458.5µg/mL). On the other hand, nevirapine, the positive drug showed 91.6 percent inhibition (IC50 3.933µg/mL). An enzyme kinetic assay showed that this ethanolic extract inhibited the ribonucleic acid-dependent deoxynucleic acid synthesis activity of the human deficiency virus type 1 in a mixed inhibition. Qualitative screening for phytochemical groups in the ethanolic leaf extract of Lantana camara Linn. (wild sage) showed positive results for triterpenes, saponins, tannins, steroids, reducing sugars, and plant acids. The results showed a promising capacity for the plant extract to inhibit human deficiency virus 1 reverse transcriptase.
ISSN 2244-6532 (Online)
ISSN 1656-0604 (Print)
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