Joan A. De leon | Michaella P. Laddaran | Madelyn B. Ursua | Luzviminda A. Dinglasan | Gil Nonato C. Santos
Fruit fly oviposition on the mango resulted to brown and black spots causing the non-marketability of the mangoes and economic loss to the growers while 90- 96% of the CaCO3 present in the eggshells is disposed as waste. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the farmers’ perception on the occurrence and economic impact of B. philippinensis and determine its ovipositional behavior when applied by nano-CaCO3 from chicken eggshells. Semi-structured questionnaire was surveyed to 32 mango growers in Pangasinan to assess the economic impact of the flies. Nano-CaCO3 was synthesized from eggshells by mixing the 50g powder to 350 mL NaOH 1 N, stirring on hot plate for 1h at 1000C. SEM and FTIR were used to determine the morphology, size and functional groups of the nano-CaCO3. Ovipositional behavior of B. philippinensis was prepared using 5 setups of distilled water (mL) and nanoCaCO3 (g); A 100mL:0.625g, B 100mL:1.25g, C 100mL:5g, D 100mL:10g and E 100mL (0g-control). Ovicidal effect was determined by getting the mean amount of the mortality rate of pupa and larvae developed in the mango. Ninety six percent (96.88%) of the mango growers strongly agreed that fly reduces growers' income and 3.13% agreed. SEM showed that nano-CaCO3 has an average size of 135 NM and bulk like structure while FTIR confirmed CaCO3 group at 875.11cm-1. Ovicidal activity was found 0% pupa emergence at 0.625g and 10g nano-CaCO3 while 2.11% pupa emergence in control. Mortality rates of larvae were 82.48% and 62% at 1.25g and 5g nano-CaCO3 while zero (0%) dead larvae in control. Late development of B. philippinensis larvae was caused by nano-CaCO3. Hence, CaCO3 from eggshells can be explored by the agriculturists as alternative bioinsecticides for vast crop production, pest management and economic income development.
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