Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has a high impact on healthcare systems because of its high morbidity and mortality rates, length of hospital stay, and treatment costs. Thus, prevention and early diagnosis are essential to provide measures to avoid the onset of dialysis as much as possible. Objective: To identify the prevalence and risk factors of AKI among non-ICU admitted patients in MCU-FDTMF Hospital. Methods: The study design is a cross-sectional, analytical, retrospective study through a chart review. A total of 81 patients were selected by simple random sampling. Eligible patients aged 19 years old and above, admitted at the Medical Ward or Floors (Non-ICU) of MCU Hospital under the Internal Medicine service within January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 were included. Patients already diagnosed with AKI upon admission, previously diagnosed with CKD Stage 5 on regular dialysis, or underwent kidney transplantation, those admitted at the ICU (MICU, CCU, ACSU, SICU), and pregnant patients were excluded in the study. Results: Among the patients, 20 (24.7%) had AKI. Their age ranged from 19 to 93 years with a mean age of 65.54 years. There was a significant difference noted in the BUN, eGFR, and HGB as proven by p values <0.05. Multivariate analysis showed that among the variables found to be significantly associated with AKI in the univariate analysis, only abnormal BUN and eGFR were found to be predictors of AKI with p values <0.0001 and 0.02 respectively. The risk of patients with abnormal BUN for AKI was almost 8 times higher than those with normal BUN (OR=7.57; 95% CI=2.48– 23.10; p<0.0001). Also, the risk of patients with abnormal eGFR for AKI was 3 times higher than those with normal eGFR (OR=3.05; 95% CI=1.18– 7.91;p=0.02). Moreover, there was a significant difference noted in the length of hospital stay as shown by the p value of 0.03. The length of hospital stay of patients with AKI was significantly longer than patients without AKI with a median of 8 days and 7 days, respectively. Also, a significant difference was noted in the proportion of subjects according to outcome (p<0.00001). Conclusion/Recommendation: Non-medical The prevalence of AKI in this study was comparable to that reported in international literature and was associated with prolonged hospital stay, in-hospital death and dialysis requirement. The associated risk factors include anemia, increased BUN and elevated eGFR, which are all characteristics of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in advanced stages. The results from this study highlight the importance of screening and preventive measures such as maintaining ad-equate hydration and avoidance of nephrotoxic agents.
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