Gender Inclusivity of Library and Information Services
Daniel S. Balbin, Jr
Abstract:
Purpose/objectives. This study assessed the inclusivity of Benguet State University (BSU) Library in terms of services, collection, personnel, and facilities and likewise determined the significant difference in the perceived inclusivity across genders. Significance of the study. Evaluating inclusivity among libraries is vital to ensure compliance of libraries with the mandates of the Library Bill of Rights. Design, methodology, approach. The study employed descriptive-quantitative design, specifically making use of a survey, to gather the perception of both the cisgender and LGBTQ students towards the inclusivity of the library’s collection. The data were treated using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically mean score, ranking, and ANOVA. Findings. The findings showed that the library is proficiently inclusive, exceeding expectations on inclusive library practices. Specifically, the library facilities earned an exceptional rating followed by library services and personnel which both obtained a proficient rating. However, the library collection was perceived to be the least inclusive. The study also revealed a significant difference in the perceived inclusivity of library users where cisgender library users viewed the library as more inclusive compared to LGBTQ or non-binary library users. Research limitations and implications. This study implies that the library must maintain proficiently inclusive library practices in its facilities, services, and personnel, and improve the library collection. Originality of the paper. This paper presents new findings on library inclusivity in the context of BSU which opens the discussion of gender-safe spaces in libraries.
References:
- American Library Association (ALA). (2006a). Interpretations of the Library Bill of Rights. American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill/interpretations
- American Library Association (ALA). (2006b). Library Bill of Rights. American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill
- American Library Association (ALA). (2017). Equity, diversity, inclusion: An interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights. American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill/interpretations/EDI
- American Library Association (ALA). (2020). Access to library resources and services regardless of sex, gender identity, gender expression, or sexual orientation: An interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights. American Library Association. http://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill/interpretations/accesslgbt
- Aycock, A. (2018, April). Libraries as safe spaces for LGBT+ patrons. Information Today, 35(3). https://www.infotoday.com/it/apr18/Aycock--Libraries-asSafe-Spaces-for-LGBT-Plus-Patrons.shtml
- Balbin, D. (2022). Assessment of information literacy and fake news identification of benguet state university freshmen: Implications for library literacy program. Library Philosophy and Practice, 2022, 7412.
- Beemyn, B. G., Domingue, A., Pettitt, J., & Smith, T. (2005). Suggested steps to make campuses more trans-inclusive. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Issues in Education, 3(1), 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1300/J367v03n01_09
- Betts-Green, D. (2020). “We could do better”: Librarian engagement in LGBTQ collection development in small and rural public libraries in the Southern U.S. Public Library Quarterly, 39(6), 510–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/016 16846.2020.1737493
- Cottrell, M. (2015). Libraries move toward gender-neutral bathrooms. American Libraries, 46(11/12), 16–17. JSTOR.
- Downey, J., Antell, K., & Strothmann, M. (2013). Self-censorship in selection of LGBT themed materials. Reference & User Services Quarterly, 53(2), 104–107. JSTOR.
- Emerson, M. E., & Lehman, L. G. (2022). Who are we missing? Conducting a diversity audit in a liberal arts college library. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 48(3), 102517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2022.102517
- Fraser, G. (2018). Evaluating inclusive gender identity measures for use in quantitative psychological research. Psychology & Sexuality, 9(4), 343–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2018.1497693
- Gale, N., & Ward, N. (2017). LGBTQ-inclusivity in the higher education curriculum: A best practice guide. University of Birmingham. https://intranet.birmingham.ac.uk/staff/teaching-academy/documents/public/lgbtbest-practice-guide.pdf
- Garry, C. (2015). Selection or censorship? School librarians and LGBTQ resources. School Libraries Worldwide, 73–90. https://doi.org/10.29173/slw6884
- Gorman, M. (2000). Our enduring values: Librarianship in the 21st century. American Library Association.
- Guss, C. E., Eiduson, R., Khan, A., Dumont, O., Forman, S. F., & Gordon, A. R. (2020). “It’d be great to have the options there”: A mixed-methods study of gender identity questions on clinic forms in a primary care setting. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(4), 590–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.03.030
- Hamer, J. (2007). Coming-out: Gay males’ information seeking. School Libraries Worldwide, 73–89. https://doi.org/10.29173/slw7121
- Hansen, K., Littwitz, C., & Sczesny, S. (2016). The social perception of heroes and murderers: Effects of gender-inclusive language in media reports. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00369
- Hughes-Hassell, S., Overberg, E., & Harris, S. (2013). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ)-themed literature for teens: Are school libraries providing adequate collections? School Library Research, 16. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1012828
- Huzar, T. (2014, August 16). Neoliberalism, democracy and the library as a radically inclusive space. IFLA WLIC 2014 - Lyon - Libraries, Citizens, Societies: Confluence for Knowledge, Lyon, France. https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/835/
- Ikolo, V. E. (2015). Users satisfaction with library services: A case study of Delta State University Library. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 11(2), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2015040107
- Inclusivity Education. (2022). Inclusivity scale explanation: A quick guide for inclusivity education’s research-aligned analytical tool. Inclusivity Education. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5e4d9def5338c6107c8bcaed/t/600500cace24650c8835ec11/1610940620982/Inclusivity+Scale+Quick+Guide.pdf
- International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA). (2020). Beijing+25: How libraries help deliver on gender equality and empowerment of women. https://repository.ifla.org/handle/123456789/520
- Jardine, F. M. (2013). Inclusive information for trans* persons. Public Library Quarterly, 32(3), 240–262. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2013.818856
- Krueger, S. G. (2019). Supporting trans people in libraries. Libraries Unlimited. Krueger, S., & Matteson, M. (2017). Serving transgender patrons in academic libraries. Public Services Quarterly, 13(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1080 /15228959.2017.1338543
- Margolin, S., & Poggiali, J. (2017). “Where are the bathrooms?”: Academic library restrooms and student needs. Journal of Library Administration, 57(5), 481–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2017.1324668
- Matheson, M., Tait, E., & Reynolds, S. (2020). Checking the pulse of LGBTIQ+ inclusion and representation in the academic library: A literature review. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, 69(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2019.1686571
- Mbambo-Thata, B., Du, J. T., Lang, U., Lau, J., Mostafa, A. W., Mehra, B., Chu, C. M., & Raju, J. (2019). Gender inclusivity and equity in academic libraries: Insights from around the globe. College & Research Libraries News, 80(8), 438. https://doi.org/10.5860/crln.80.8.438
- McDowell, S. (2000). Library instruction for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered college students.
- In T. E. Jacobson & H. C. Williams (Eds.), Teaching the new library to today’s users: Reaching international, minority, senior citizens, gay/lesbian, first-generation college, at- risk, graduate and returning students, and distance learners (pp. 71–86). Neal-Schuman.
- Mehra, B., & Braquet, D. (2011). Progressive LGBTQ reference: Coming out in the 21st century. Reference Services Review, 39(3), 401–422. https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321111161403
- Metaxa-Kakavouli, D., Wang, K., Landay, J. A., & Hancock, J. (2018). Genderinclusive design: Sense of belonging and bias in web interfaces. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174188
- Moore-field-Lang, H., & Kitzie, V. (2018). Makerspaces for all: Serving LGBTQ makers in school libraries. Knowledge Quest, 47(1), 47–50.
- Naqvi, T. H. (2017). Use of collection and services: A study of Indian Agricultural Research Institute Library. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 37(6), 425. https://doi.org/10.14429/djlit.37.10706
- Nieminen, J. H. (2022). Assessment for inclusion: Rethinking inclusive assessment in higher education. Teaching in Higher Education, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1 080/13562517.2021.2021395
- Nowak, K., & Mitchell, A. J. (2016). Classifying identity: Organizing an LGBT library. Library Philosphy and Practice, 2016, 1452.
- Oltmann, S. M. (2016). “They kind of rely on the library”: School librarians serving LGBT students. The Journal of Research on Libraries and Young Adults, 7(1), 1–21.
- Proctor, J. (2020). Representation in the collection: Assessing coverage of LGBTQ content in an academic library collection. Collection Management, 45(3), 223–234. https://doi.org/10.1080/01462679.2019.1708835
- Pun, R., Flash, K. S., Nangle, D., & Hernandez-Perez, J. (2017, August 21). Libraries and gender neutral/inclusive bathrooms: Case studies on promoting information, inclusivity and access in open spaces. IFLA WLIC 2017 – Wrocław, Poland – Libraries. Solidarity. Society., Wroclaw, Poland. https://library.ifla.org/id/eprint/1670
- Rubin, R. E., & Rubin, R. G. (2020). Foundations of library and information science (Fifth edition). ALA Neal-Schuman.
- Savolainen, R. (2016). Approaches to socio-cultural barriers to information seeking. Library & Information Science Research, 38(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2016.01.007
- Schaller, S. (2011). Information needs of LGBTQ college students. Libri, 61(2). https://doi.org/10.1515/libr.2011.009
- Siegel, J., Morris, M., & Stevens, G. (2020). Perceptions of academic librarians toward LGBTQ information needs: An exploratory study. College & Research Libraries, 81(1), 122–148. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.81.1.122
- Small, R. V., Myhill, W. N., & Herring-Harrington, L. (2015). Developing accessible libraries and inclusive librarians in the 21st century: Examples from practice. In B. Wentz, P. T. Jaeger, & J. C. Bertot (Eds.), Advances in Librarianship (Vol. 40, pp. 73–88). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0065-283020150000040013
- Stewart, B., & Kendrick, K. D. (2019). “Hard to find”: Information barriers among LGBT college students. Aslib Journal of Information Management, 71(5), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJIM-02-2019-0040
- Stonewall, J. H. (2016). Website gender perceptions: Effects and recommendations for gender inclusivity [M.S., Iowa State University]. In ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (1808503449). ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. https:// www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/website-gender-perceptions-effects/docview/1808503449/se-2?accountid=203424
- Switzer, A. T. (2008). Redefining diversity: Creating an inclusive academic library through diversity initiatives. College & Undergraduate Libraries, 15(3), 280–300. https://doi.org/10.1080/10691310802258182
- Thompson, J. (2019). Silently censoring: Influences of collection development policy on LGBTQ youth. YA Hotline, 109. https://ojs.library.dal.ca/YAHS/article/view/8835
- Todorinova, L., & Ortiz-Myers, M. (2019). The role of the academic library in supporting LGBTQ students: A survey of librarians and library administrators at LGBTQ-friendly colleges and universities. College & Undergraduate Libraries, 26(1), 66–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/10691316.2019.1596857
- Tyarakanita, A., Drajati, N. A., Rochsantiningsih, D., & Nurkamto, J. (2021). The representation of gender stereotypes in Indonesian English language textbooks. Sexuality & Culture, 25(3), 1140–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-021-09813-0
- Wexelbaum, R. S. (2018). Do libraries save LGBT students? Library Management, 39(1/2), 31–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-02-2017-0014
- Whelan, D. (2009). A dirty little secret: Self-censorship. School Library Journal. https://www.slj.com/story/a-dirty-little-secret-self-censorship
- White, E., Coghill, D. E., Doherty, M. T., Palmer, L., & Barkley, S. (2018). GenderInclusive Library Workgroup Report. https://doi.org/10.21974/338X-PS11
- White, T., & Currier, B. D. (2019). Creating the trans-inclusive library [Preprint]. LIS Scholarship Archive. https://doi.org/10.31229/osf.io/re8gf
- Williams, V. K., & Deyoe, N. (2014). Diverse population, diverse collection? Youth collections in the United States. Technical Services Quarterly, 31(2), 97–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2014.875373
- Yap, J. M., & Kamilova, Y. (2020). Toward becoming an inclusive library: Integrating Sustainable Development Goal 5 in the library agenda. Library Management, 41(2/3), 53–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-08-2019-0057
ISSN 2423-2254 (Online)
ISSN 2423-1916 (Print)