Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Relationship Between Self Esteem and Depression Among Senior High School Students
Matthew Walet | Joshua Falcatan | Jhoselle Tus
Discipline: Education
Abstract:
With the spread of COVID-19, learning methodology has advanced to the present level of
technology, and online learning has increased worldwide. Thus, the Philippines' situation with this
learning modality influences mental health disorders, notably self-esteem, which is associated with
depression. Moreover, this study investigates the relationship between self-esteem and depression
among senior high school students amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The statistical analysis showed a
significant relationship between self-esteem and depression (r=.014).
References:
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
- Babore, Carmen, Candelori, Paciello, Cerniglia. Depressive Symptoms, Self-Esteem and Perceived Parent–Child Relationship in E a r l y A d o l e s c e n c e V o l u m e - 7 Y e a r - 2 0 1 6 https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00982
- Battle, J. (1980). Relationship between Self-Esteem and Depression among High School Students. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 51(1), 157–158. doi:10.2466/pms.1980.51.1.157
- Choi,Y., Choi, Soo-Hee, Yun, Je-Yeon, Lim, Jae-A Maa, Kwon, Yoonhee, Lee, Hwa Young BSd; Jang, Joon Hwan MD PhDd, The relationship between levels of self-esteem and the development of depression in young adults with mild depressive symptoms, Medicine: October 2019 - Volume 98 - Issue 42 - p e17518 doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000017518
- Farrer L, Gulliver A, Chan JK, Batterham PJ, Reynolds J, Calear A, et al. Technology-based interventions for mental health in tertiary students: systematic review. J Med Internet Res 2013;15(5):e101 [CrossRef] [Medline]
- Gacek, M., & Krzywoszanski, L. (2021). Symptoms of anxiety and depression in students with developmental disabilities during COVID-19 lockdown in Poland. Frontiers. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.576867/full
- Jobst, A., Sabass, L., Palagyi, Schmidt, C., Mauer, M. C., Sarubin, N., … & Zill, P. (2015). Effects of social exclusion on emotions and oxytocin and cortisol levels in patients with chronic depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 60, 170–177. Medline, Google Scholar
- Jan, M., Soomro, S. A., & Ahmad, N. (2017). Impact of Social Media on Self-Esteem. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 13(23), 329. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n23p329
- Lim, G.Y., Tam, W.W., Lu, Y. et al. Prevalence of Depression in the Community from 30 Countries between 1994 and 2014. Sci Rep 8, 2861 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21243-x
- Malose Makhubela (2019) The relation between low self-esteem and depressive mood in a non-clinical sample: The role of gender and negative life events, Department of Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- Magklara, K., Bellos, S., Niakas, D. et al. Depression in late adolescence: a cross-sectional study in senior high schools in G r e e c e . B M C P s y c h i a t r y 15, 1 99 ( 2 0 1 5 ) . https://doi.org/10.1186/s 12888 -015 -0584 -9
- McCombes, S. (2022, May 5). Descriptive research design: Definition, methods & examples. Scribbr. Retrieved May 16, 2022, f r o m https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/#:~:text=Descriptive%20research%20aims%20to%20accurately,investigate%20one%20or%20more%20variables.
- Orth, U., Robins, R. W., Meier, L. L., & Conger, R. D. (2016). Refining the vulnerability model of low self-esteem and depression: Disentangling the effects of genuine self-esteem and narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110(1), 133–149. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000038
- Mittal, Sneha & Singh, Pavitra & Kumar, Sanjay. (2018). Selfesteem, Depression and Resilience amongst University Students: A Comparative Study. 52. 108-114.
- Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed. (2016). Introduction to the Psychology of self-esteem.
- Henriksen IO, Ranoyen I, Indredavik MS, Stenseng F. The role of self-esteem in the development of psychiatric problems: a three-year prospective study in a clinical sample of adolescents. Child Adolesc P s y c h i a t r y M e n t H e a l t h . 2 0 1 7 ; 1 1 : 6 8 . doi:10.1186/s 13034 -017 -0207 – y
- Park K, Yang TC. The long-term effects of self-esteem on depression: the roles of alcohol and substance uses during young a d u l t h o o d . S o c i o l Q. 2 0 1 7 ; 5 8 ( 3 ) : 4 2 9 - 4 4 6 . doi:10.1080/00380253.2017.1331718 P. Albert, Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa ON K1H 8M5; palbert@uottawa.ca
- Salvador R, Torre N, Peña M, Davids AI. Academic and emotional effects of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on enginee ring students. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr). 2021;26(6):7407-7434. doi: 10.1007/s10639-021-10593-1. Epub 2021 Jun 5. PMID: 34108843; PMCID: PMC8179070.
- Tus J. (2021). Amidst the Online Learning in the Philippines: The Parental Involvement and Its Relationship to the Student's Academic Performance. 10.6084/m9.figshare.14776347.v1.
- Tus, J., Espiritu, N., Paras, N., Bartolome, R., Escoto, M.R., Deluna, A., Agustin,J., Gado, S., Ayapana, M., & Mohamitano, A. (2021). Amidst the Online Learning: The Personality Traits and its Relationship to the Self-Esteem of Filipino Tertiary Students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 11. 35-42. 10.6084/m9.figshare.17209430.v1.
- Tus, J. (2020). Self – Concept, Self – Esteem, Self – Efficacy and Academic Performance of the Senior High School Students. International Journal of Research Culture Society, 4(10). https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13174991.v1
- Skorek, M., Song, A. V., & Dunham, Y. (2014). Self-esteem as a mediator between personality traits and body esteem: path analyses across gender and race/ethnicity. PloS one, 9(11), e112086. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112086
- Boateng, John Kwame; Tutu, Raymond A.; Boateng, Joyce, Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Education, v10 spec iss p96-124 2021
- Makhubela, M. (2019). The relation between low self-esteem and depressive mood in a nonclinical sample : the role of gender and negative life events (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/10210/405840 uj:34096
- Yamasaki, K., Uchida, K., Yokoshima, T., & Kaya, I. (2017). Reconstruction of the Conceptualization of Self-Esteem and Methods for Measurement: Renovating Self-Esteem Research. International journal of psychology and behavioral sciences, 7, 135- 141.
- Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018). Transformation of Adolescent Peer Relations in the Social Media Context: Part 2-Application to Peer Group Processes and Future Directions for Research. Clinical child and family psychology review, 21(3), 295–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0262-9
- Cathy, Kokoszka, Andrzej & Pacura, Agata & Kostecka, Barbara & Lloyd & Sartorius, Norman. (2022). Body self-esteem is related to subjective well-being, severity of depressive symptoms, BMI, glycated hemoglobin levels, and diabetes-related distress in type 2 diabetes. PloS one. 17. e0263766. 10.1371/journal.pone.0263766.
- Katelyn M. Cooper, Logan E. Gin, M. Elizabeth Barnes, and Sara E. Brownell An Exploratory Study of Students with Depression in Undergraduate Research Experiences CBE—Life Sciences Education 2020 19:2
- Zhou, J., Li, X., Tian, L., & Huebner, E. S. (2018). Longitudinal Association between low selfâesteem and depression in early adolescents: The role of rejection sensitivity and loneliness. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 93(1), 54–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12207