Learners’ Perceptions and Practices on Modular Distance Learning: Its Implication to Home Economics Performance
Natalin Talosig | Junge B. Guillena
Discipline: Education
Abstract:
Home economics is one of the learning areas in the K-12 curriculum which is performance-based as it develops
a wide range of practical skills that enable learners to gain knowledge and understanding on cooking, family
financing, nutrition, and other various skills for life. But with this pandemic, how will the mentioned skills will
be developed among learners, especially in the modular distance learning modality. This study, aimed to look
into the learners’ perceptions and practices on modular distance learning: Implications to Home Economics
performance at Dalamas Integrated School, South - 1 District, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte in the school year
2022-2023. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design. Included in the data were the
demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, and parents’ educational attainment; perceptions
of the respondents on Modular Distance Learning in terms of students’ preparedness, modular content,
distribution and retrieval of modules, and support from school; and the academic performance of the students.
Findings revealed that the respondents perceived Home Economics as helpful in improving their practical and
life skills preparing them for their future. Though difficulties in providing good laboratories for applications
of their topic are met especially in this time of the pandemic, still the students have realized the importance
of Home Economics in their lives. It can be noted that learners need learning materials suitable to their needs to
improve their engagement and participation in their classes. Moreover, providing a supportive school
environment improves their motivation to learn the necessary skills expected of them to perform in their Home
Economics class. However, data revealed that perceptions of students on modular distance learning do not
necessarily affect their academic performance and that their perceptions is not differentiated based on their
profile.
References:
- Abdul Aziz, M., Fatima, R., & Assaly, R. (2020). Elevated interleukin‐6 and severe COVID‐19: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(11), 2283- 2285. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25948.
- Abu Bakar, M. B. & Cheng, C. M (2017). The impact of using modules in the teaching and learning of English in Malaysian polytechnics: An analysis of the views and perceptions of English language teaching. Department of General Studies, Melaka Polytechnic Polytechnic Bridge, ministry, Education, Malaysia
- Aguilar, S. J., & Kin, A. Y. (2019). Hispanic students’ sense of control in relation to postsecondary enrollment outcomes. Social Sciences, 8, 67.
- Ajala, J.A. (2002). Conception of school health education. Curriculum Guidelines in Ajala, J.A. (ed.) Designing Content of the Curriculum. Ibadan:Maybest. Pp 164-175. ion. Health Education and Behaviour. 24:759-77.
- Albert, J. R. G., R. E. Gaspar, M., & Raymundo, G. (2015). Why we should pay attention to the middle class. Policy Notes No. 2015-13. Quezon City: Philippine Institute for Development Studies https://dirp3.pids.gov.ph/webportal/CDN.
- Ali, N., Jusoff, K., Ali, S., Mokhtar, N., & Salamt, A. (20 December 2009). ‘The factors influencing students’ performance at University Technology MARA Kedah, Malaysia’. Canadian Research & Development.
- Ambayon, G. (2020). Modular-based approach and student’s achievement in literature. International Journal of Education and Literary Studies, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.8n.3p.32.
- Anzaldo, G. (2021). Modular distance learning in the new normal education amidst Covid-19. International Journal of Scientific Advances.
- Arikunto, S. (2010). Research procedure a practical approach. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
- Bagateeva, A. O. (2016). Implementation of modular learning technologyforeign language students technical university (on the example of the modular program "English for students automotive department). Pedagogy. Questions of theory and practice. No 4 (04). 16-17.
- Bagood, J. B. (2020). Teaching-learning modality under the new n o r m a l . P h i l i p p i n e I n f o r m a t i o n A g e n c y . h ttp s://pia.gov .ph /featu res/articles/105 5584 .
- Barnett, R., Parry, G., & Coate, K. (2004). Conceptualizing curriculum change. In M. Tight (Ed.), The Routledge Falmer Reader in Higher Education.
- Bashmakova, I. S. (2014). Modular education in technical universities. Bulletin of Irgtu. No. 6 (89), 249-253.
- Baumeister, A. (2007). Self-regulation and the executive function: The self as controlling agent. In A. W. Kruglanski & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 516- 539).
- Beach, D., & Pedersen, R. (2016). Selecting appropriate cases w h e n t r a c i n g c a u s a l m e c h a n i s m s . https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/004912411562510.
- Benson, R., & Samarawickrema, G. (2007). Teaching in context: Someimplications for e-learning design. In R.J. Atkinson, C. McBeath, S.K.A.Soong, & C. Cheers (Eds.), ICT: Providing choices for learners and learning. Proceedings of ascilite Singapore 2007(pp. 61–70). Singapore: Centre for Educational Development, Nanyang T e c h n o l o g i c a l University.http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/singapore07/bens on.pdf.
- Bernard, R.M., Abrami, P.C., Lou, Y., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Wozney, L., Wallet, P.A., Fiset, M., & Huang, B. (2004). How does distance education compare with classroom instruction? A meta- analysis of the empirical literature. Review of Educational Research 3(74), 379.
- Bernardo, J. (2020, July 30). Modular learning most preferred p a r e n t s : D e p E d . A B S - C B N N e w s https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/30/20/modular%20learning-most -preferred-by-parentsdeped.
- Bijeesh, N. A. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of distance l e a r n i n g . http://www.indiaeducation.net/onlineeducation/articles/advantages-a nddisadvantages-of-distance-learning.html.
- Bitegeko, R.M. & Swai, E. (2012). Challenges facing ODL students in Tanzania; experiences from the field. Journal of Issues and Practice in Education, 4(2), pp 23-33.
- Bloom, B.S. (1976). Human characteristics and school learning. McGraw-Hill.
- Bozkurt, N., & Arslan, F. Y. (2018). Learner autonomy in language learning: Syrian refugee EFL learners’ perceptions and readiness. Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research, 8(2), 115-145.
- Brown, C. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. https://www.eztalks.com/elearning/advantages-and-disadva ntagesof-distance-learning.html.
- Castroverde, F., & Acala, M. (2021). Modular distance learning modality: Challenges of teachers in teaching amid the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 10(8). doi: 10.5861/ijrse.2021.
- Cheng, C. M & Abu Bakar, M. B. (2017). The impact of using modules in the teaching and learning of English in Malaysian Polytechnics: An analysis of the views and perceptions of English language teaching. Jabatan Pengajian Am, Politeknik Melaka, Jebatan Politeknik, Kementerian, Pendidikan, Malaysia
- Chorrojprasert, L. (2020). Learner readiness – Why and how should they be ready? Language education and acquisition research network Journal, 13(1).
- Chua, C.T. (2018). The place of entrepreneurship in home economics and its role in alleviating poverty. The Journal of the Philippine Association for Technology in Home Economics in State Colleges and Universities (PATHESCU) Inc., 19, 47-5.
- Coley Rebekah Levine, Medeiros Bethany L. (2007). Reciprocal longitudinal relations between nonresident father involvement and adolescent delinquency. Child Development. 2007; 78:132–147.
- Dangle, Y. R. P., & Sumaoang, J. D. (2020). The implementation of modular distance learning in the Philippine secondary public schools. In 3rd International Conference on Advanced Research in Teaching and Education (November 27-29), Dublin, Ireland. h t t p s : / / w w w . d p u b l i c a t i o n . c o m / w p - conten t/u plo ad s/2020 /11 /27 -42 7.
- Doucet, A., Netolicky, D., Timmers, K., & Tuscano, F. J. (2020). Thinking about pedagogy in an unfolding pandemic (An Independent Report on Approaches to Distance Learning during COVID-19 School Closure). Work of Education International and U N E S C O . https://issuu.com/educationinternational/docs/2020_research_covid 19_eng.
- Donnelly, R., & Fitzmaurice, M. (2005). Designing modules for learning. In G. O’ Neill, S. Moore, & B. McMullin (Eds.), Emerging in the practice of university learning and teaching (pp.99-110). Dublin: AISHE.
- Donkor, A.K. (2010). Parental involvement in education in Ghana: The case of a private elementary school, International Journal about Parents in Education, 4(1), 23–38.
- Eze, N.M. (2001). Strategies for improving male enrolment in Home Economics at NCE program in Nigeria. Home Economics Research Association of Nigeria (HERAN) Conference Proceedings.
- Farooq, M. S. (2011). Factors affecting students’ quality of academic performance: A case of secondary school level. Journal of Quality and Technology Management. Vol 7(2), 01- 14.
- Fedina, N. V., Burmykina, I. V., Zvezda, L. M., Pikalova, O. S., Skudnev, D. M., & Voronin, I. V. (2017). Study of educators’ and parents’ readiness to implement distance learning technologies in preschool education in Russia Eurasia. Journal of Mathematics, S c i e n c e an d T e c h n o l o g y E d u c a t i o n 1 3 ( 1 2 ) , 841 5– 8 428 .http s://d oi.o rg /10 .12 973 /ejmste/808 0.
- Fischer, A. H. (2018). Sex differences in emotionality: Fact or stereotype? Feminism & Psychology. 1993; 3, 303–318.
- French, S. (2015). The benefits and challenges of modular higher education curricula. Issues and Ideas of Paper, Melbourne CENTRE for the Study of Higher Education.
- Gahutu, J. B. (2010). Physiology teaching and learning experience in a new modular curriculum at the national university of Rwanda. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/42255277_Physiology_te aching_and_learning_experience_in_a_new_modular_curriculum_ at_the_National_University_of_Rwanda/citation/download.
- Gamban, N. (2015). Development of life skills structured learning experience (SLE) module for the adolescents in a long-term r e s i d e n t i a l c a r e c e n t e r . V o l . 1 n o.1 http s://ejou rnals.p h/article.php ?id =1 0880 .
- Garfinkel, I., McLanahan, S., & Hanson, T. L. (1998). A patchwork portrait of nonresident fathers. in: Garfinkel I, McLanahan SS, Meyer DR, Seltzer JA, editors. Fathers under Fire: The Revolution in Child Support Enforcement. Russell Sage Foundation; New York.
- Garrett, R. (2016). The state of open universities in the commonwealth: Aperspective on performance, competition and innovation. Burnaby:Commonwealth of Learning http://oasis.col.org/bitstream/handle/11599/2048/2016_Garrett_State -of-Open-Universities.pdf?sequence.
- Gonzales, E. E. (2015). A Modular approach utilizing decision tree in teaching integration techniques in calculus, department of arts, sciences and teacher education, city college of Calamba.
- Gravetter, F. J. & Forzano, L. B. (2009). Research and development o f w e b b a s e d v i r t u a l o n l i n e c l a s s r o o m . h ttp s://www.learn techlib .o rg /p /666 87/
- Guidelines on the engagement of services of learning support aides to reinforce the implementation of the basic education learning continuity plan in time of covid 19 pandemic. (2021). https://www.deped.gov.ph/wpcontent/uploads/2020/10/DO_s2020_0 32-1-1.pdf.
- Guskey, T. (2010). Lessons of mastery learning. educational leadership, 68 (2),pp. 52- 57.
- Hannum, E. & Buchmann, C. (2001). Education and stratification in developing countries: A Review of Theories and Research. Annual Review of Sociology. 2001;27:77–102.
- Holmberg, B. (1995). Theory and practice of distance education. New York, NY: Routhledge.
- Holmberg, B. (2003). A theory of distance education based on empathy. In M. Moore & W.G. Anderson (Eds.) Handbook of distance education (pp. 79-86). Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Holmberg, B. (2003). Distance education in essence. An overview of theory and practice in the early twenty-first century. Oldenburg: Bibliotheks-und Informationssystem der Universitat Oldenburg.
- Hsieh, H., & Hsieh, H. (2019). Undergraduates’ out-of-class learning: Exploring EFL students’ autonomous learning behaviors and their usage of resources. Education Sciences, 9, 159.
- Hullsman, T. (2016) The impact of ICT on the costs and economics of distance education: A review of the literature, Vancouver: Commonwealth of Learning.
- Iovleva, V. I. (2016). Modular competence learning technology for formation of professional oriented foreign language communicative competence. Journal Publication.
- John T. (2015) Consciousness in SLA: A modular perspective. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267658315571195.
- Jones-Smith, J. C., Dieckmann, M. G., Gottlieb, L., Chow, J., & Fernald, L.C. (2014). Socioeconomic status and trajectory of overweight from birth to mid-childhood: the early childhood longitudinal study-birth cohort. PloS one, 9(6), e100181.
- Kakurina, O. A. (2012). Modular technology of teaching foreign l a n g u a g e s . http://pskgu.ru/projects/pgu/storage/wt/wt111/wt111_14.pdf.
- Kamakshi, A. (2011). Effectiveness of modular approach of teaching for Bachelor of education trainees in terms of self-confidence and teaching attitude. Indian Streams Research Journal, 1(4), 1–6.
- Kandalova, G. A., & Majorova, Ju. A. (2016). Role of electronic grammar training work in the organization the self-standing student's modular approach in teaching Volga pedagogical bulletin No 4 (13), 51-55.
- Kandarp, S. (2013). (Vol. 2, Issue:2, February 2013 (IJRE) ISSN:2320- 091X pp.170.
- Kartal, G., & Balcikanlh, C. (2019). Tracking the culture of learning and readiness for learner autonomy in a Turkish context. TEFLIN Journal, 30(1), 22-46.
- Kohl, G.O., Lengua, L.J., & McMahon, R.J. (2000). Parent involvement in school: Conceptualizing multiple dimensions and their relations with family and demographic risk factors. Journal of School Psychology, 38 (6), 501-523.
- Kuter, B., & Uzel, I. (2020). The influence of maternal factors on children’s oral health: Mothers’ age, education level, toothbrushing habit and socioeconomic status. The Journal of Pediatric Research, 7(4), 331-336.
- Laddunuri, M. (2012). Status of school education in present Tanzania and emerging issues. International Journal of Education Research and Technology, Vol. 3(1) 6-11.
- Lapp, E. A. (2012). Modular an approach in design curriculum bachelor's degree in direction "special (defectological) education” theoretical foundations and problems of implementation. Bulletin of the Buryat State University. 1.2/2012, 145-150.
- LeBrun, D. (2001). A Study of modularized instructions and its role in the technology education curriculum at southern schools University of Wisconsin- Stout.
- Lopuhova, Ju. V., & Jurina, M. V. (2017). The content of the training material as important aspect of learning a foreign language when using modular learning. Baltic Humanitarian Journal. T. 6. No 3 (20), 326-329.
- Loughran, J., & Berry, A. (2005). Modeling by teacher educators. T e a c h i n g a n d T e a c h e r E d u c a t i o n , 2 1 , 193– 2 03.doi:10 .10 16/j.tate.20 04.12 .00 5.
- .Macha, E. (2018). World education news and reviews education in the Philippines.
- Magsambol, B. (2020). Over 200,000 students transfer from private to p u b l i c s c h o o l s a mid p a n d e m i c . R a p p l e r . https://rappler.com/nation/students%20private-schools-transfer-to-p ubliccoronavirus-pandemic.
- Malik, K. (2012). Effects of modular and traditional approaches on students’ general comprehension. Elixir Social Studies, 42, 6228– 6231.
- Mendive, S., Lissi, M.R., Bakeman, R., & Reyes, A. (2017). Beyond mother education: Maternal practices as predictors of early literacy development in Chilean children from low-SES households. Early Education and Development, 28(2), 167-181.
- Miller, L., & Schmidt, J., (2020). The Effects of online assignments and weekly deadlines on student outcomes in a macroeconomics course.
- Moore, M. (1997). Theory of transactional distance. In D. Keegan (Ed.), Theoretical principles of distance education (pp. 22–38).
- Moreira, T. (2013). Predictors of academic performance and school engagement - integrating persistence, motivation learning and individual differences.
- Mulholland, P., T. Collins, & Z. Zdrahal (2005). Spotlight browsing of resource archives. In Hypertext. Salzburg, Austria: ACM Press.
- Myemba, Stephen Brigley, I. Hosein & Golf, I.R. (2009) Bridging the divide: Sustainability and relevance of a distance learning module for clinical officers in Tanzania. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 24:2, 155-163, DOI: 10.1080/02680510902879486.
- Nagrale, P. (2013). Advantages and disadvantages of distance education.https://surejob.in/advantages-anddisadvantages-of-distanc e education.html.
- Nardo, M. T. (2017). Modular instruction enhances learner autonomy. http://pubs.sciepub.com/education/5/10/3/index.
- Nelson, J. (2004). Low-Income fathers annual review of sociology. 2004;30:427–451.
- Netolicky, D., Doucet, A., Timmers, K., & Tuscano, F. J. (2020). Thinking about pedagogy in an unfolding pandemic (An Independent Report on Approaches to Distance Learning during COVID-19 School Closure). Work of Education International and U N E S C O . https://issuu.com/educationinternational/docs/2020_research.
- Netolicky, D. M. (2020). School leadership during a pandemic: navigating tensions. J. Prof. Capacity Commun. 5, 391–395. doi: 10.1108/JPCC-05-2020-0017.
- Ofoha, D. (2013). Assessing students’ competency and practical learning in a distance learning environment.
- Olibie, E. (2001). Functionality of youth learning: A new agenda for educational reform for poverty alleviation. Journal of Nigerian Educational Research Association 14(2) 141-147.
- Oloidi, G, A. (2000). Current status of vocational education in Ondo state secondary school paper presented at the national conference on research on schooling. Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo September.Pp. 25-29.
- O’Neill, S. Moore, & B. McMullin, S. (Eds.), Emerging issues in the practice of university learning and teaching (pp. 99–110). Dublin: AISHE.
- Ouzts, K. (2006). Sense of community in online courses. quarterly review of distance education, 7, 285–296.
- Pendergast, D. (2004). Perception of students on the relevance of Home Economics in junior secondary school in Egor local g o v e r n m e n t a r e a o f E d o s t a t . h ttp s://nairap roject.co m/p ro jects/26 65.html.
- Perez Cereijo, M. V. (2001). Factors influencing how students value asynchronous web-based courses. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas. Dissertation Abstract International, AAT 9989796.
- Picciano, A. G. (2002). Beyond student perceptions: Issues of interaction,presence, and performance in an online course. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 6.from http://www.sloan/ c.org/publications/jaln/v6n1/pdf/v6n1_picciano.pdf.
- Philippine Daily Inquirer, July 31, 2020, 42% of parents ‘prefer’ modular learning.https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1314730/42-of-parent s - p r e f e r modularlearning#:~:text=More%20than%2042%20percent%20of,% E2%80%9Cblended%E2%80%9D%20and%20online%20learning.
- Prickett, K.C., & Augustine, J.M. (2016). Maternal education and investments in children's health. Journal of Marriage and Family, 78(1), 7-25.
- Public Health Update, August 6, 2020, Opportunities and challenges i n e d u c a t i o n d u e t o C o v i d - 9 https://publichealthupdate.com/opportunities-Andchallenges-in educationdue-to-covid-19/.
- Ryan, M.T. & Mulholland, C.W. (2005). Evaluation of distance- learningimmunology and pathology module in a post graduate biomedical science course. British Journal of Biomedical Science 62:1, 9-14, DOI:10.1080/09674845.2005,11732680.
- Salandan, G. (2001). Teacher education journal. Quezon City: Katha Publishing Co., Inc.
- Schrader-Naef, R. (1999). Preparing for lifelong learning. In Lifelong learning inside and outside schools. (Second European Conference on Lifelong Learning). http://www.erill.uni/ men.de/lios/sections/s7_schraeder.html.
- Stevenson, W. (2010). Production/operations management, 10th ed. McGraw- Hill/Irwin.
- Sy, M. (2010). RP needs new EDCOM to address education problems. Journal Publication.
- Tseng, S., Su, J., Hwang, G., Hwang, G., & Tsai, C. (2000). Developingadaptive learning systems. Educational Technology & Society, 11(2), 171-191.
- Tullis, J. & Benjamin, A. (2011). On the effectiveness of self-paced learning. Journal of Memory and Language, 64 (2), pp. 109-118.
- `Uko-Aviomoh, E.E. (2005). Evolving a dynamic curriculum for home Economics in Nigerian schools. In S.O. Oriafo, G.C. Edozie. D.N Ezeh Eds; Curriculum Issues in Contemporary Education, Book in Honour of Professor Mrs Ebele Maduewesi.
- Uwameiye, R., Oviawe, J.I., (2010). Availability of human and material recourses for teaching block laying and concrete works in technical colleges of edo state. Ebonyi Technology and Vocational Education Journal 1(1) 37-47.
- Yang, Z., & Liu, Q. (2007). Research and development of web- based virtual online classroom. Computers & Education, 48, 171– 184.
- Yoseph, G., & Mekuwanint, T. (2015). The suitability of the modular curriculum to offer/learn skill in EFL undergraduate classes. International Journal of Current Research, 7(4), 14686– 14696.
- Young-Clark, I. M. (2014). Correlations between parents’ academic achievements, emerging adult children's perception of their parents’ socio-economic status and the educational attainment of the emerging adult children. Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Paper 13795.
- Zahorian, S. (2000). A modular approach to using computer technology for education and training, international Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 13:3, 286-297, DOI: 1080/095119200129911