Home⇛LPU-Laguna Journal of Arts and Sciences⇛vol. 4 no. 1 (2021)

A Cross-Sectional Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines among College Students

Andrea Denisse Verendia | Enrico C. Garcia

Discipline: Public Health

 

Abstract:

Widespread uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is critical for ending the pandemic, however, the delay or refusal of individuals to take the vaccine often hinders the success of widespread vaccination. Hence, it is important to investigate vaccine acceptance and the possible factors associated with it, within a community to engage early in the vaccine decision-making process. This study aims to identify vaccine acceptance among college students and associate it with sociodemographic profile, knowledge on COVID-19 vaccines, and attitude towards vaccination. A cross-sectional survey design was utilized and an online questionnaire was administered to potential respondents. The obtained data were interpreted and analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software for the statistical tools such as Pearson correlation and one-way ANOVA. One hundred eighty-five (185) college students participated in the study and 43.3% of them are likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine while 41.1% are still undecided. Most of the respondents are also concerned about the safety of the vaccines. Regarding COVID-19 vaccine knowledge, those who will likely get the vaccine have a higher mean knowledge score compared to those who are still undecided and are unlikely to take the vaccine. Moreover, there is a low negative correlation between negative attitudes and vaccine acceptance. In terms of sources of information for the vaccines, college students trust health care providers and pharmaceutical companies the most, while they do not trust the national government and social media. The findings of this study may contribute to forming or proposing strategies for promoting COVID-19 vaccination within the community.



References:

  1. AST. (2020). COVID-19: Vaccine FAQ Sheet. American Society of Transplantation. https://www.myast.org/covid-19-vaccine-faq-sheet
  2. Bertoncello, C., Ferro, A., Fonzo, M., Zanovello, S., Napoletano, G., Russo, F., Baldo, V., & Cocchio, S. (2020). Socioeconomic determinants in vaccine hesitancy and vaccine refusal in Italy. Vaccines, 8(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020276
  3. Brewer, N. T., & Fazekas, K. I. (2007). Predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability: A theory-informed, systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 45(2–3), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.05.013CDC. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccines.
  4. Creech, C. B., Mcgettigan, J., Khetan, S., Segall, N., Solis, J., Brosz, A., Fierro, C., Schwartz, H., Neuzil, K., Corey, L., Gilbert, P., Janes, H., Follmann, D., Marovich, M., Mascola, J., Polakowski, L., Ledgerwood, J., Graham, B. S., Bennett, H., … Study, C. (2021). Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine. 403–416. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2035389
  5. Dooling, K., Marin, M., Wallace, M., McClung, N., Chamberland, M., Lee, G. M., Talbot, H. K., Romero, J. R., Bell, B. P., & Oliver, S. E. (2021). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Updated Interim Recommendation for Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(5152), 1657–1660. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm695152e2
  6. El-Elimat, T., AbuAlSamen, M. M., Almomani, B. A., Al-Sawalha, N. A., & Alali, F. Q. (2020). Acceptance and Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccines : A Cross-Sectional Study from Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid 22110, JordanDepartment of Family and Commun. MedRxiv, 1–18.
  7. Escarilla, K. (2021, February 9). UST survey: 56% of Filipinos willing to receive Covid-19 vaccines. Retrieved from https://varsitarian.net/sci-tech/20210209/ust-survey-56-of-filipinos-willing-to-receive-covid-19-vaccines
  8. FDA. (2020). Development and Licensure of Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19. June. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-
  9. Fisher, K. A., Bloomstone, S. J., Walder, J., Crawford, S., Fouayzi, H., & Mazor, K. M. (2020). Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: A Survey of U.S. Adults. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173(12), 964–973. https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-3569
  10. Freed, G. L., Clark, S. J., Butchart, A. T., Singer, D. C., & Davis, M. M. (2010). Parental vaccine safety concerns in 2009. Pediatrics, 125(4), 654–659. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-1962
  11. Fu, C., Wei, Z., Pei, S., Li, S., Sun, X., & Liu, P. (2020). Acceptance and preference for COVID-19 vaccination in health-care workers (HCWs). MedRxiv, 2962(548). https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.09.20060103
  12. Giambi, C., Fabiani, M., D’Ancona, F., Ferrara, L., Fiacchini, D., Gallo, T., Martinelli, D., Pascucci, M. G., Prato, R., Filia, A., Bella, A., Del Manso, M., Rizzo, C., & Rota, M. C. (2018). Parental vaccine hesitancy in Italy – Results from a national survey. Vaccine, 36(6), 779–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.12.074
  13. Gidengil, C. A., Parker, A. M., & Zikmund-Fisher, B. J. (2012). Trends in risk perceptions and vaccination intentions: A longitudinal study of the first year of the H1N1 pandemic. American Journal of Public Health, 102(4), 672–679. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.3004
  14. Greenwood, B. (2014). The contribution of vaccination to global health: Past, present and future. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 369(1645). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0433
  15. Hak, E., Schönbeck, Y., De Melker, H., Van Essen, G. A., & Sanders, E. A. M. (2005). Negative attitude of highly educated parents and health care workers towards future vaccinations in the Dutch childhood vaccination program. Vaccine, 23(24), 3103–3107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.01.074
  16. Islam, S., Siddique, A. B., Akter, R., Tasnim, R., Sujan, S., Ward, P., & Sikder, T. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccinations: a cross-sectional community survey in Bangladesh.
  17. Kabamba Nzaji, M., Kabamba Ngombe, L., Ngoie Mwamba, G., Banza Ndala, D. B., Mbidi
  18. Miema, J., Luhata Lungoyo, C., Lora Mwimba, B., Cikomola Mwana Bene, A., & Mukamba Musenga, E. (2020). <p>Acceptability of Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Healthcare Workers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</p>. Pragmatic and Observational Research, Volume 11, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.2147/por.s271096
  19. Khubchandani, J., Sharma, S., Price, J. H., Wiblishauser, M. J., Sharma, M., & Webb, F. J. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment. Journal of Community Health, 46(2), 270–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00958-x
  20. Larson Immunotherapeutics, 14(7), 1599–1609. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1459252
  21. Larson, H. J., Schulz, W. S., Tucker, J. D., & Smith, D. M. D. (2015). Measuring vaccine confidence: Introducing a global Vaccine Confidence Index. PLoS Currents, 7(OUTBREAKS).https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.outbreaks.ce0f6177bc97332602a8e3fe7d7f7cc4
  22. Larson, H. J., Schulz, W. S., Tucker, J. D., & Smith, D. M. D. (2015). Measuring vaccine confidence: Introducing a global Vaccine Confidence Index. PLoS Currents, 7(OUTBREAKS).https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.outbreaks.ce0f6177bc97332602a8e3fe7d7f7cc4
  23. Latkin, C. A., Dayton, L., Yi, G., Konstantopoulos, A., & Boodram, B. (2020). Trust in a COVID-19 vaccine in the U.S.: A social-ecological perspective. January.
  24. Lazarus, J. V., Ratzan, S. C., Palayew, A., Gostin, L. O., Larson, H. J., Rabin, K., Kimball, S., & El-Mohandes, A. (2020). A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. Nature Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1124-9
  25. Los Angeles County Department of Public Health. (n.d.). COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet. 19.
  26. MacDonald, N. E., Eskola, J., Liang, X., Chaudhuri, M., Dube, E., Gellin, B., Goldstein, S., Larson, H., Manzo, M. L., Reingold, A., Tshering, K., Zhou, Y., Duclos, P., Guirguis, S., Hickler, B., & Schuster, M. (2015). Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants. Vaccine, 33(34), 4161–4164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.036
  27. Majid, U., & Ahmad, M. (2020). The Factors That Promote Vaccine Hesitancy, Rejection, or Delay in Parents. Qualitative Health Research, 30(11), 1762–1776. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732320933863
  28. Millstein, S. G., & Halpern-Felsher, B. L. (2002). Judgments about risk and perceived invulnerability in adolescents and young adults. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12(4), 399–422. https://doi.org/10.1111/1532-7795.00039
  29. Nguyen, T., Henningsen, K. H., Brehaut, J. C., Hoe, E., & Wilson, K. (2011). Acceptance of a pandemic influenza vaccine: A systematic review of surveys of the general public. Infection and Drug Resistance, 4(1), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S23174
  30. Qiao, S., Friedman, D. B., Tam, C. C., Zeng, C., & Li, X. (2020). Vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina: Do information sources and trust in information make a difference? MedRxiv, December. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.02.20242982
  31. Quinn, S. C., Jamison, A. M., An, J., Hancock, G. R., & Freimuth, V. S. (2019). Measuring vaccine hesitancy, confidence, trust and flu vaccine uptake: Results of a national survey of White and African American adults. Vaccine, 37(9), 1168–1173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.033
  32. Rosselli, R., Martini, M., & Bragazzi, N. L. (2016). The old and the new: Vaccine hesitancy in the era of the Web 2.0. Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 57(1), E47–E50. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2016.57.1.572
  33. Šálek, J., Čelko, A. M., & Dáňová, J. (2020). Vaccination perception and attitude among undergraduate medical and teacher education students at charles university, Prague, Czech republic. Vaccines, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010136
  34. Shekhar, R., Sheikh, A. B., Upadhyay, S., Singh, M., Kottewar, S., Mir, H., Barrett, E., & Pal, S. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance among Health Care Workers in the United States. Vaccines, 9(2), 119. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020119
  35. Smith, P. J., Humiston, S. G., Marcuse, E. K., Zhao, Z., Dorell, C. G., Howes, C., & Hibbs, B. (2011). Parental delay or refusal of vaccine doses, childhood vaccination coverage at 24 months of age, and the Health Belief Model. Public Health Reports, 126(SUPPL. 2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549111260s215
  36. Tomacruz, S. (2021, January 6). 47% of Metro Manila respondents undecided on COVID-19 vaccine – survey. Retrieved from https://www.rappler.com/nation/octa-research-group-survey-covid-19-vaccine-metro-manila-december-2020
  37. Tomacruz, S. (2021, February 4). TIMELINE: The Philippines’ 2021 COVID-19 vaccine plan. Retrieved from https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/timeline-philippines-2021-covid-19-vaccination-plan
  38. Ursachi, G., Horodnic, I. A., & Zait, A. (2015). How Reliable are Measurement Scales? External Factors with Indirect Influence on Reliability Estimators. Procedia Economics and Finance, 20(15), 679–686. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00123-9.
  39. Zimmer, C., Corum, J., & Wee, S. (2021, February 11). Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html

Tools


Copyright © 2024  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic