Philippine E-Journals

References:

1. ABS-CBN News. (2016, April 26). Analysts: Candidates fell short in final debate. ABS-CBN. https://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/focus/04/25/16/analysts-candidates-fell-short-in-final-debate
2. An Act Introducing Additional Reforms in the Electoral System and Other Purposes, Rep. Act No. 6646 (Jan. 5, 1988) (Phil.) https://COMELEC.gov.ph/index.html?r=References/RelatedLaws/ElectionLaws/OtherElectionLaws/RA6646
3. An Act to Enhance the Holding of Free, Orderly, Honest, Peaceful and Credible Elections through Fair Election Practices, Rep. Act No. 9006 (Feb. 12, 2001) (Phil.) https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/02/12/republic-act-no-9006/
4. Arguelles, C.V., & Lanuza, J.M. (2021). Media system approach to disinformation vulnerability: Developing disinformation resilience in Southeast Asia. Digital Asia Hub and Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. https://www.academia.edu/80583329/Media_system_approach_to_disinformation_vulnerability_Developing_disinformation_resilience_in_Southeast_Asia?fbclid=IwAR2uNGzALTko1HuviKrtO9E2rlLQl7DlAxegrKGrLQtEyAzLih2TWXO27_A
5. Arugay, A. (2022). Foreign policy and disinformation narratives in the 2022 Philippine election campaign. ISEAS Yusof Ishak Institute. https://www.iseas.edu.sg/wp content/uploads/2022/05/ISEAS_Perspective_2022_59.pdf
6. Belmonte, M. (2017). Town hall debate in Philippine elections. Asian Politics & Policy, 9(1), 161–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/aspp.12294.
7. Benoit, W. L. & Airne, D. (2005). A functional analysis of American vice presidential debates. Argumentation and Advocacy, 41: 225-236.
8. Biraogo v. The Philippine Truth Commission, G.R. No. 192935 (Dec. 7, 2010) (Phil.), https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2010/12/07/g-r-no-192935-december-7-2010/
9. Curato, N., & Boker, M. (2016). Linking mini-publics to the deliberative system: A research agenda. Policy Sci, 49: 173-190. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11077-015-9238-5.pdf
10. Curato, N., Hammond, M., & Min, J. (2019). Power in deliberative democracy: Norms, forums, systems. Palgrave Macmillan.
11. Curato, N., Dryzek, J., Ercan, S., Hendriks, C., & Niemeyer, S. (2017). Twelve key findings in deliberative democracy research. Daedalus, 146(3): 28–38. https://direct.mit.edu/daed/article/146/3/28/27148/Twelve-Key-Findings-in-Deliberative-Democracy
12. De Leon, D. (2022, April 3). What to expect in Comelec’s 2^nd presidential debate for 2022. Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/expectations-things-to-know-Comelec-second-presidential-debate-april-3-2022/
13. Druckman, J. (2003). The power of televised images: The first Kennedy-Lincoln debate revisited. Journal of Politics, 65(2):559–71.
14. Esmaquel, P. (2015, October 15). Presidential debates: ‘Ayaw natin ng duwag’. Rappler. Retrieved from https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/109417-Comelec-presidential-debates-duwag/
15. Evangelista, B. (2022, April 7). COMELEC pushes for law requiring attendance in electoral debates. Yahoo! News. https://ph.news.yahoo.com/COMELEC-pushes-for-law-requiring-attendance-in-electoral-debates-040646916.html
16. Fernandez, D. (2022, March 31). Poll exec to Congress: Pass law requiring presidential debate, penalizing skippers. Inquirer.net. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1576340/COMELEC-commissioner-to-congress-legislate-law-mandating-presidential-debate-punishing-skippers#ixzz7YnMh2x8e
17. Fridkin, K., Kenney, P., Gershon, S., Shafer, K., & Woodall, G. (2004). Capturing the power of a campaign event: The 2004 presidential debate in Tempe. Journal of Politics, 69(3):770–85.
18. Fujiwara, T., & Wantchekon, L. (2013). Can informed public deliberation overcome clientelism? Experimental evidence from Benin. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 5(4): 241-255. GMA News. (2016, February 22). Pilipinas debates 2016 (commercial-free) [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9yp9g7Uhk4.
19. Guidelines for Accreditation of Independently Organized Debates in Connection with the May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Resolution No. 10764 (Feb. 23, 2022) (Phil.), https://COMELEC.gov.ph/index.html?r=2022NLE/Resolutions/res10764
20. Hillygus, D., & Jackman, S. (2003). Voter decision making in election 2000: Campaign effects, partisan activation, and the Clinton legacy. American Journal of Political Science, 47(4):583– 596.
21. Hyde, S., & Lamb, E. (2015). The micro-level consequences of democracy promotion: A field experiment in rural Cambodia. Technical report working paper. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2460468 In the Matter of the Conduct of the Presidential Debate as Provided for in Section 7 of Republic Act No. 9006 jointly by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) and the Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV) on April 13, 2004 in Connection with the May 10, 2004 Synchronized Elections. Resolution No. 6661 (Mar. 8, 2004) (Phil.), https://www.lawphil.net/administ/Comelec/comres2004/comres_6661_2004.html
22. Internews. (2021, December 15). Fighting Misinformation around the Elections in the Philippines. Internews. https://internews.org/story/fighting-misinformation-around-the-elections-in-the-philippines/
23. Jack, C. (2017). Lexicon of lies: Terms for problematic information. Data & Society. https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/DataAndSociety_LexiconofLies.pdf.
24. Jamieson, K. H., & Birdsell, D. S. (1988). Presidential debates: The challenge of creating an informed electorate. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc.
25. Kramon, E. (2020). Debates in new democracies and hybrid regimes: a scoping paper. National Democratic Institute. https://www.ndi.org/sites/default/files/Evidence%20Scoping%20Paper-Candidate%20Debates.pdf
26. Mendoza, J. (2022, January 18). COMELEC is confident candidates will join debates, says spox.” Inquirer.net https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1541779/COMELEC-is-confident-candidates-will-join-debates-says-spox#ixzz7INRJih5M
27. Ong, J. C., & Cabañes, J. V. (2018). Architects of networked disinformation: Behind the scenes of troll accounts and fake news production in the Philippines. Newton Tech4Dev Network. http://newtontechfordev.com/wpcontent/uploads/2018/02/ARCHITECTS-OF-NETWORKED-DISNINFORMATIONFULL-REPORT.pdf
28. Ong, J. C., Tapsell, R., & Curato, N. (2019). Tracking digital disinformation in the 2019 Philippine midterm election. New Mandala. https://www.newmandala.org/wpcontent/uploads/2019/08/Digital-Disinformation 2019-Midterms.pdf
29. Panares, J., & Requejo, R. (2022, May 6). BBM, Sara banner final polls. Manilastandard.net. https://manilastandard.net/news/314226296/bbm-sara-banner-final-polls.html
30. Patinio, F. (2022, April 4). COMELEC seeks law requiring poll bets' attendance in debates. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1171334#:~:text=MANILA%20%E2%80%93%20The%20Commission%20on%20Elections,debates%20called%20by%20the%20COMELEC.
31. Perloff, R.M. (2014). The dynamics if political communication: Media and politics in the digital age. New York: Routledge.
32. Pogrebinschi, T., & Samuels, D. (2014). The impact of participatory democracy: 
33. Evidence from Brazil’s National Public Policy Conferences. Comparative Politics, 46(2014): 313–332.
34. Quimpo, N. (2007). The Philippines: Political parties and corruption. Southeast Asian Affairs, 2007, 277-294.
35. Rao, V., & Sanyal, P. (2010). Dignity through discourse: Poverty and the culture of deliberation in Indian village democracies. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 629(1): 146–172.
36. Reuters. (2022, April 29). Philippines' Marcos declines debate with top presidential rival. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/philippines-marcos-declines-debate-with-top-presidential-rival-2022-04-29/
37. Soriano, C. (2021, July 28). Consequences of distorting Marcos’ historical legacy on YouTube. Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/voices/thought-leaders/analysis-consequences-distorting-marcos-legacy-youtube/
38. Sunay, R. (2012). The importance of public debate in democratic regimes. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2012.v8n9p%p
39. Tatcho, O. (2018). Duterte’s image building in the 2016 Philippine presidential debates. SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research, 10(2), 1-30.
40. Tatcho, O. (2020a). Beyond strategic maneuvering: Embodied storytelling as Duterte’s form of argumentation. Humanities Diliman: A Philippine Journal of Humanities, 17(1), 34-62.
41. Tatcho, O. (2020b). Narratives in televised political ads: Toward alternative discourses and critical voters. Plaridel: A Philippine Journal of Communication, Media, and Society. Advance online publication. http://www.plarideljournal.org/article/narratives-in-televised-political-ads-toward-alternative-discourses-and-critical-voters/
42. Tuquero, L. (2022, March 19). Presidential bets agree “all fake news peddlers must be punished.” Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/presidential-bets-agree-all-fake-news-peddlers-be-punished-Comelec-debate-2022/
43. Teehankee, J. (2010). Image, issues, and machinery: Presidential campaigns in post1986 Philippines. In Y. Kasuya & N. G. Quimpo (Eds.), The politics of change in the Philippines. Pasig City: Anvil Publishing.
44. Wantchekon, L., Lopez-Moctezuma, G., Fujiwara, T., Pe Lero, C., & Rubenson, D. (2017). Policy deliberation and voter persuasion: Experimental evidence from an election in the Philippines.” Working paper. http://www.princeton.edu/~fujiwara/papers/phil_ajps.pdf.