Individual, Family, and Community Transformations through Opportunities Facilitated by Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
Peter G. Narsico | Lalaine O. Narsico | Rachel B. Rio
Discipline: social sciences (non-specific)
Abstract:
This study explores how individuals strive to improve their livelihoods by
leveraging accessible opportunities. It aimed to evaluate the outcomes of
Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs on participants, along with the subsequent effects on their families and immediate
community, emphasizing the programs' transformative influence. The research highlights the intersection of poverty alleviation, employment, education, and industry—core elements of the United Nations' Sustainable
Development Goals. The investigation was conducted in a neighborhood in
Cebu City, Philippines, conveniently located near a technical-vocational
training center. A qualitative approach, specifically using case study methodology, was employed. Convenience sampling was used to gather information, leading to interviews with consenting participants. Additionally,
observations from nearby residents who have witnessed the community’s
changes over time served as supplementary data. The study sought to understand respondents' personal experiences with training programs, the
effects on their families and immediate community, their unique circumstances, and the key insights and significant implications. The findings reveal that skills training improves employability, helps meet basic needs,
and enhances the quality of life at individual, family, and community levels.
The study concludes that skills training has a transformative impact on
these three areas. However, to fully optimize its positive effects, skills
training should be supplemented with additional initiatives.
References:
- Abd Hamid, H., Piahat, M. T., Azwan Haris, N. A. L., & Hassan, M. F. (2023, June 20). Shades of Gray TVET in Malaysia: Issues and Chal-lenges. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v13-i6/16747
- Alam, M. J., Ogawa, K., & Ahsan, A. H. M. (2024, June). Japanese investment for skills de-velopment program in attaining sustaina-ble employability: The case of Bangladesh. World Development Sustainability, 4, 100150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wds.2024.100150
- Allen, J., Farber, S., & Tiznado-Aitken, I. (2024, April). Pathways to suburban poverty in nine Canadian metropolitan areas. Cities, 147, 104848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cit-ies.2024.104848
- Amrutha, V., & Geetha, S. (2021, March). Link-ing organizational green training and vol-untary workplace green behavior: Medi-ating role of green supporting climate and employees’ green satisfaction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 290, 125876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle-pro.2021.125876
- Andres, J. L., Narsico, L. O., & Narsico, P. G. (2024, February 22). Digitization of Mi-crofinancing Operational Procedures. In-ternational Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Re-search, 5(2), 563–574. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.02.17
- Asongu, S., Amari, M., Jarboui, A., & Mouakher, K. (2021). ICT dynamics for gender inclu-sive intermediary education: minimum poverty and inequality thresholds in de-veloping countries. SSRN Electronic Jour-nal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3794050
- Asulin, Y., Heller, Y., & Munichor, N. (2023). Comparing the Effects of Non-Monetary Incentives and Monetary Incentives on Prosocial Behavior. SSRN Electronic Jour-nal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4375009
- Bayas, A., & Grau, N. (2023, November). Ine-quality of opportunity in juvenile crime and education. International Journal of Educational Development, 103, 102901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102901
- Beeson, M., Wildman, J. M., & Wildman, J. (2024, March). Does tackling poverty related bar-riers to education improve school out-comes? Evidence from the North East of England. Economics Letters, 236, 111614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econ-let.2024.111614
- Çalışkan, Z., Özyurt, G., Evgin, D., Kaplan, B., & Caner, N. (2024, April). The effect of a training program on family stress and life satisfaction: A randomized controlled study of mothers of children with disabil-ities. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 49, 106–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2024.02.008
- Cameron, L. A., Meng, X., & Zhang, D. (2022). Does Being “Left Behind” in Childhood Lead to Criminality in Adulthood? Evi-dence from Data on Rural-Urban Migrants and Prison Inmates in China. SSRN Elec-tronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4114311
- Cau-Bareille, D., Jolivet, A., Thébault, J., & Delgoulet, C. (2022, April). Training: A way of reducing the risks of weakening for older workers at work and in employ-ment? The case of a call centre. Safety Sci-ence, 148, 105581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105581
- Carillo, M. F. (2024, May). Human capital com-position and long-run economic growth. Economic Modelling, 106760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106760
- Chen, H., Yu, J., Zhang, Z., Li, Y., Qin, L., & Qin, M. (2024, January). How human capital pre-vents intergenerational poverty transmis-sion in rural China: Evidence based on the Chinese general social survey. Journal of Rural Studies, 105, 103220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.103220
- Chen, J. J., Wang, Q. L., Li, H. P., Zhang, T., Zhang, S. S., & Zhou, M. K. (2021, June). Family re-silience, perceived social support, and in-dividual resilience in cancer couples: Analysis using the actor-partner interde-pendence mediation model. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 52, 101932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2021.101932
- Chhibber, P., Kaur Paposa, K., & Dhand, S. (2023, November 24). Qualitative inquiry suggesting needed pathways: economic, social, religious, political and industrial an activist research on poverty. Journal of Strategy and Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/jsma-04-2023-0081
- Chu, M., Fang, Z., Mao, L., Ma, H., Lee, C. Y., & Chiang, Y. C. (2024, April). Creating A child-friendly social environment for fewer conduct problems and more proso-cial behaviors among children: A LASSO regression approach. Acta Psychologica, 244, 104200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104200
- Downey, S. K., Lyons, M. D., & Williams, J. L. (2022, July). The role of family relation-ships in youth mentoring: An ecological perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 138, 106508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106508
- Düdener, E., & Hallaç, S. (2023, March). The ef-fect of the training of presence in care (TPinCare) on the care-oriented patient-nurse interaction and the caring behav-iors of nurses working with oncology pa-tients: A randomized controlled trial. Nurse Education in Practice, 68, 103566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103566
- Esce, A., Bolton, J., & Kraai, T. (2024, July). Im-plementing a formal curriculum on surgi-cal ethics and palliative care for otolaryn-gology residents. American Journal of Oto-laryngology, 45(4), 104327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.am-joto.2024.104327
- Faharuddin, F., & Endrawati, D. (2022, April 19). Determinants of working poverty in Indonesia. Journal of Economics and De-velopment, 24(3), 230–246. https://doi.org/10.1108/jed-09-2021-0151
- Fitzenberger, B., Osikominu, A., & Paul, M. (2023, July). The effects of training inci-dence and planned training duration on labor market transitions. Journal of Econ-ometrics, 235(1), 256–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2022.03.004
- García-Ponce, O., Laterzo, I., Bronsoler, V., La-vore, E., & Kibriya, S. (2023, May). Who is to blame? Youth crime and attribution of responsibility in urban Mexico. Journal of Criminal Justice, 86, 102064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrim-jus.2023.102064
- Gómez-Méndez, I., & Amornbunchornvej, C. (2024, March). Income, education, and other poverty-related variables: A jour-ney through Bayesian hierarchical mod-els. Heliyon, 10(6), e27968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heli-yon.2024.e27968
- Hancock, C. L. (2023, December). Ideologies of poverty and implications for decision-making with families during home visits. Linguistics and Education, 78, 101231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2023.101231
- Hansson, K., Habibnia, H., Goetze, M., & Fiedler, S. (2024, March). The beauty of prosocial behavior: The bi-directional link between attractiveness and prosocial behavior. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organiza-tion, 219, 305–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.01.013
- Hofmarcher, T. (2021, August). The effect of ed-ucation on poverty: A European perspec-tive. Economics of Education Review, 83, 102124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2021.102124
- Holland, T., Headley, H., Victory, E., Kirby, J., & Koontz, P. (2024, March). Group behav-ioral parent training in an incarcerated setting. Children and Youth Services Re-view, 158, 107381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107381
- Hosokawa, R., Tomozawa, R., & Katsura, T. (2023, October 3). Associations between Family Routines, Family Relationships, and Children’s Behavior. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 32(12), 3988–3998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-023-02687-w
- Huang, W., Ding, S., Song, X., Gao, S., & Liu, Y. (2023, September). A study on the long-term effects and mechanisms of internet information behavior on poverty allevia-tion among smallholder farmers: Evi-dence from China. Heliyon, 9(9), e19174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heli-yon.2023.e19174
- Huynh, T., Oddo, V. M., Trejo, B., Moore, K., Quistberg, A., Kim, J., Diez-Canseco, F., & Vives, A. (2022). Association between in-formal employment and depressive symp-toms in 11 cities in Latin America. SSM, Population Health, 18, 101101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101101
- Janz, T., Augsburg, B., Gassmann, F., & Nimeh, Z. (2023, December). Leaving no one be-hind: Urban poverty traps in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Development, 172, 106388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106388
- Jawadi, F., Mallick, S. K., Idi Cheffou, A., & Augus-tine, A. (2021, February). Does higher un-employment lead to greater criminality? Revisiting the debate over the business cycle. Journal of Economic Behavior & Or-ganization, 182, 448–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.03.025
- Johnston, L., Mulenga, M., Davison, C., Liu, J., Corbett, K., & Janes, C. (2024). Challenging the myth of women’s empowerment: Min-ing development and commercial sex in a Zambian town. Wellbeing, Space and Soci-ety, 6, 100186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wss.2024.100186
- Ju, C., Hou, S., Shao, D., Zhang, Z., & Yu, Z. (2021, November 17). Practices of poverty allevi-ation by open and distance education: a case report from the Open University of China. Asian Association of Open Univer-sities Journal, 16(3), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1108/aaouj-09-2021-0110
- Karimi, Z., Darban, F., Karimi, S., & Safarzai, E. (2024, June). The effectiveness of commu-nication skills training on professional performance and quality of work life of pre-hospital emergency medical staff: An experimental study in Iran. International Emergency Nursing, 74, 101426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2024.101426
- Karimli, L., Ssewamala, F. M., & Neilands, T. B. (2023, September). The impact of pov-erty-reduction intervention on child men-tal health mediated by family relations: Findings from a cluster-randomized trial in Uganda. Social Science & Medicine, 332, 116102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116102
- Ke, Z. (2023). Influence of Family Relationships on Adolescent Students’ Interest in Learn-ing. SHS Web of Conferences, 180, 04012. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202318004012
- Kero, K., Podlesek, A., & Kavcic, V. (2023, De-cember). Meaning in challenging times: Sense of meaning supports wellbeing de-spite pandemic stresses. SSM -Mental Health, 4, 100226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100226
- Kohl, P. L., Dunnigan, A., Markovitz, L., Feely, M., Lewis, E. M., Seay, K. D., Lanier, P., Fedo-ravicius, N., Auslander, W., Guo, S., & Jon-son-Reid, M. (2023, December). Improv-ing child behavior through parent training in child welfare services: A mixed-meth-ods study of families receiving in-home services. Children and Youth Services Re-view, 155, 107269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107269
- Koiry, S., Kairi, B., & Pooja, P. (2024, March). Im-pact of income diversification on multidi-mensional poverty: Household level evi-dence from tea estates in Bangladesh. Heliyon, 10(5), e26509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heli-yon.2024.e26509
- Kostulski, M., Breuer, D., & Döpfner, M. (2021, July). Does parent management training reduce behavioural and emotional prob-lems in children with intellectual disabil-ity? A randomised controlled trial. Re-search in Developmental Disabilities, 114, 103958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103958
- Lam, C. B., Li, X., & Chung, K. K. H. (2024). Im-proving Chinese children’s socioemo-tional competence, behavioral adjust-ment, and pre-academic skills: Impacts of the 3Es Program. Early Childhood Re-search Quarterly, 68, 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2024.03.002
- Lan, J., Wong, I. A., & Guo, J. W. (2021, Septem-ber). Service training intervention and time-variant personal growth. Interna-tional Journal of Hospitality Management, 98, 103036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103036
- Le, T. P., Green, M. F., Wynn, J. K., Iglesias, J. E., Franco, R. L., Kopelowicz, A., & Kern, R. S. (2023, December). Effort-based decision-making as a determinant of supported employment outcomes in psychotic disor-ders. Schizophrenia Research, 262, 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2023.11.003
- Le Minh, T. (2022). Investigating students’ atti-tudes toward poverty and impoverished persons -A case study: Ho Chi Minh City Open University, data of Vietnam. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3998708
- Levy, N., Saeed, S., Gbagornah, P. F., Zora, D. B., Winterton, D., Jackson, C. D., Sharkey, A., Levy, L., Neves, S., Walsh, D. P., & Matyal, R. (2024, April). Implementation of Rou-Narsicoet al., 2024 /Individual, Family,and Community TransformationsthroughOpportunities Facilitated by TVETIJMABER3406Volume 5| Number 8| August| 2024tine In Situ Simulation in Residency Cur-riculum Targeting Competency in Tech-nical and Decision-Making Skills. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthe-sia. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2024.04.040
- Li, Y., Yang, H., & Luo, L. (2021, February). Pov-erty exposure and cognitive abilities of children in rural China: Causation and the roles of family investments. Children and Youth Services Review, 121, 105747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105747
- Li, Z., Xiong, Z., Yin, X., & Yuan, Y. (2023, Novem-ber). Experiences of poverty-related fam-ily risk and internalizing problems in childhood: The mediating role of hope. Journal of Applied Developmental Psy-chology, 89, 101601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ap-pdev.2023.101601
- Lyn, A. a. Y. (2022). Vocational training and em-ployment outcomes of domestic violence survivors: Evidence from Chihuahua City. International Journal of Educational De-velopment, 89, 102542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102542
- Manhica, H., Méndez, D. Y., Sjöqvist, H., Lundin, A., Agardh, E., & Danielsson, A. (2022). Trajectories of NEET (Not in Education, Employment, and Training) in emerging adulthood, and later drug use disorder -a national cohort study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 233, 109350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dru-galcdep.2022.109350
- Marino, K., Crowley, K. E., Ware, L., Lupi, K., Alblooshi, A. S., Alradini, F. A., & Eyre, A. (2024, May). Development and imple-mentation of an in-hospital pharmacist emergency response simulation training curriculum. Journal of the American Phar-macists Association, 64(3), 102053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2024.102053
- Matalon, C., & Turliuc, M. N. (2023). The effec-tiveness of a home-based parent manage-ment training for preschoolers with oppo-sitional behaviors in Israel: A randomized controlled trial. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 63, 386–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2023.01.010
- Matjokana, H. R., & David, O. O. (2024, June). The effects of the fourth industrial revolu-tion on employment in South Africa: Vari-ance decomposition analysis. Technology in Society, 77, 102522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tech-soc.2024.102522
- Meijering, L., Osborne, T., Lowe, T. A., Sattari N, Z., de Haas, B., Schreuder, L., Weitkamp, G., & Maeckelberghe, E. (2024, June). Chal-lenges and opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A layered vulnera-bilities perspective. SSM -Qualitative Re-searchin Health, 5, 100419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2024.100419
- Meng, F., Zhou, G., Liu, Z., Bhuiyan, M. A., & Zhao, R. (2024, July). Measurement and decom-position of multidimensional poverty among migrant children: Evidence from China. Cities, 150, 105077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cit-ies.2024.105077
- Ming, J. L., Lee, S. C., Chen, S. F., Huang, H. F., Chen, Y. C., Li, H. J., & Wu, S. L. (2024, July). Leadership training effectiveness for high-performing young nurses in a teach-ing hospital –A quasi-experimental study. Nurse Education Today, 138, 106155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106155
- Mishra, P., Das, P., Ghosh, S. K., Dandapat, A., & Dasgupta, S. (2024, May). Agriculture-livestock-forestry nexus and household income diversification: Experiences from selected villages of West Bengal, India. Ag-ricultural Systems, 217, 103918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103918
- Mohebi Amin, A., Rabiei, M., Yazdi Amirkhiz, S. Y., & Shomoossi, N. (2024, January). We are still to learn from our learners: A hid-den curriculum developed during the covid-19 pandemic. Teaching and Teacher Education, 137, 104390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2023.104390
- Moore, B., Woodcock, S., & Kielblock, S. (2023, December). How students’ pro-social be-haviour relates to their resilience: Impli-cations for an inclusive environment. In-ternational Journal of Educational Re-search Open, 5, 100269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2023.10026
- 9Mori, J. (2023, October). Occupationally-strati-fied training strategies in Vietnamese ma-chine manufacturing industry: Implica-tion for general skills training in TVET. In-ternational Journal of Educational Devel-opment, 102, 102849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102849
- Mpofu, E., Zhan, R. F., Yin, C., & Brock, K. (2024, April 10). Qualities of Older Adults’ Family and Friendship Relationships and Their Association with Life Satisfaction. Geriat-rics, 9(2), 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriat-rics9020049
- Nabayinda, J., Kizito, S., Ssentumbwe, V., Nama-tovu, P., Sensoy Bahar, O., Damulira, C., Nabunya, P., Kiyingi, J., Namuwonge, F., Mwebembezi, A., McKay, M. M., & Ssewa-mala, F. M. (2023, May). The Relationship Between Family Cohesion and Depression Among School-Going Children With Ele-vated Symptoms of Behavioral Challenges in Southern Uganda. Journal of Adolescent Health, 72(5), S11–S17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.12.016
- Narsico, L. O., & Narsico, P. G. (2023, December 20). Technical Curriculum Implementa-tion and Evaluation Framework. Interna-tional Journal of Multidisciplinary: Ap-plied Business and Education Research, 4(12), 4168–4181. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.04.12.02
- Narsico, P. G. (2024, March 23). A Perspective-Changing Teaching Experience in Araimiri. International Journal of Multi-disciplinary: Applied Business and Educa-tion Research, 5(3), 993–1007. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.03.22
- Nduneseokwu, C. K., & Harder, M. K. (2023, June). Developing environmental trans-formational leadership with training: Leaders and subordinates environmental behaviour outcomes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 403, 136790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle-pro.2023.136790
- Ng, Y. K., Shah, N. M., Chen, T. F., Loganadan, N. K., Kong, S. H., Cheng, Y. Y., Sharifudin, S. S. M., & Chong, W. W. (2023, September). Im-pact of a training program on hospital pharmacists’ patient-centered communi-cation attitudes and behaviors. Explora-tory Research in Clinical and Social Phar-macy, 11, 100325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100325
- Ni, F., Zheng, Y., Qian, S., Shen, G., Yan, W. J., Wu, Y. W., & Huang, Z. (2024, April 17). Mental toughness in adolescents: bridging family relationships and depression across per-sonality traits. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01702-z
- Niere (Mecon), M. I. E., Narsico, L. O., & Narsico, P. G. (2024, February 23). Work Training, Workplace Relationships, Workload and Job Performance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(2), 664–680. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijma-ber.05.02.26O
- lanya, D. R., Lassen, I., Tabo, G. O., Zakaria, H. L., Awacorach, J., & Jensen, I. (2023, No-vember). Exploring hidden curriculum in responsible management education: A narrative inquiry of students’ lived expe-rience in management and leadership training programmes. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(3), 100861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100861
- Oswald-Egg, M. E., & Renold, U. (2021). No ex-perience, no employment: The effect of vocational education and training work experience on labour market outcomes af-ter higher education. Economics of Educa-tion Review, 80, 102065.
- Paoletti, J., Chen, M. A., Wu-Chung, E. L., Brown, R. L., LeRoy, A. S., Murdock, K. W., Heijnen, C. J., & Fagundes, C. P. (2023, April). Em-ployment and family income in psycholog-ical and immune outcomes during be-reavement. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 150, 106024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106024
- Park, S. K., Chen, A. M., Daugherty, K. K., Frankart, L. M., & Koenig, R. A. (2023, April). A Scoping Review of the Hidden Curriculum in Pharmacy Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Edu-cation, 87(3), ajpe8999. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe8999
- Patel-Campillo, A., & García, V. S. (2022, July). Breaking the poverty cycle? Conditional cash transfers and higher education at-tainment. International Journal of Educa-tional Development, 92, 102612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2022.102612
- Plenty, S., Magnusson, C., & Låftman, S. B. (2021). Internalising and externalising problems during adolescence and the sub-sequent likelihood of being Not in Em-ployment, Education or Training (NEET) among males and females: The mediating role of school performance. SSM, Popula-tion Health, 15, 100873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100873
- Qi, P., Deng, L., & Li, H. (2024, June). Does the county-based poverty reduction policy matter for children’s human capital devel-opment? China Economic Review, 85, 102147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2024.102147
- Quchani, M., Haji Arbabi, F., & Sabur Smaeili, N. (2021, November). A comparison of the effectiveness of Clark and ACT parenting training on improving the emotional-be-havioral problems of the child with di-vorced single mothers. Learning and Mo-tivation, 76,101759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2021.101759
- Rahmani, H., & Groot, W. (2023). Risk Factors of being a youth not in Education, Employ-ment or Training (NEET): A scoping re-view. International Journal of Educational Research, 120, 102198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2023.102198
- Robinson, T. Y., & Smith-Jackson, T. L. (2023). Breaking barriers through the digital workforce: Providing IT training and em-ployment pipelines for ex-offenders. Technological Forecasting & Social Change/Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 190, 122438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tech-fore.2023.122438
- Seston, E., Willis, S., Fenton, C., Hindi, A., Moss, A., Stearns, S., Astbury, J., Jacobs, S., McDermott, I., & Schafheutle, E. (2023, Au-gust). Implementation of behaviour change training in practice amongst phar-macy professionals in primary care set-tings: Analysis using the COM-B model. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 19(8), 1184–1192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sa-pharm.2023.04.123
- Setiadi, R., & Frederika, R. (2022, November). Family financial planning for disaster pre-paredness: A case study of North Sema-rang, Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 82, 103332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103332
- Shi, J., Li, L., & Zhong, B. (2024, April). The im-pact of poverty stigma on computer and information literacy among China’s rural students. Computers in Human Behavior, 153, 108131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.108131
- Takasaki, Y. (2024, June). Impacts of vocational training for persons with disabilities: Ex-perimental evidence from Cambodia. Journal of Development Economics, 169, 103277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2024.103277
- Tec-Voc. (2021, February 1). Don Bosco Tech-nical Vocational Education and Training Center –Pasil. Tesda Courses.
- Thomas, F., Wyatt, K., Berzins, K., Lee, I., Horrell, J., McLoughlin, A., Hamer, O., & Hughes, S. (2024, June). Supporting patients experi-encing poverty-related mental distress: Development and evaluation of a training resource in general practices in eleven re-gions of England. SSM -Mental Health, 5, 100320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100320
- Thompson, K., van der Kamp, D., Vader, S., Pijp-ker, R., den Broeder, L., & Wagemakers, A. (2023, December). Experiences of resili-ence during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study among high and low so-cio-economic status individuals in the Netherlands.SSM -Qualitative Research in Health, 4, 100322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100322
- Tong, R., Wang, B., Yan, B., Zhang, B., Zhang, L., Wang, Q., & Ding, J. (2023, July). ACT method for safety training: An approach to improve on-site safety performance. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 83, 105013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2023.105013
- Ullah, A., Shakir, M., Ahmad, N., & Shakir, G. (2021, December). The nexus of family en-vironment with youth street criminal be-havior in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Heliyon, 7(12), e08577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heli-yon.2021.e08577
- Ulman, S. R., & Dobay, K. M. (2023, August 11). Are the traditional socio-economic causes of poverty still pertinent nowadays? Evi-dence from Romania within the European Union context. Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/k-05-2023-0749
- Van Dijk, D., Have, J. T., & Kotiso, M. (2022). Opening the door of opportunities: How higher vocational education contributes to capabilities and valuable employment of refugees. International Journal of Edu-cational Research Open, 3, 100130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100130
- Vandenberg, P., & Laranjo, J. (2021, November). Vocational training and labor market out-comes in the Philippines. International Journal of Educational Development, 87, 102501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102501
- Wignall, R., Piquard, B., & Joel, E. (2023, Octo-ber). Up-skilling women or de-skilling pa-triarchy? How TVET can drive wider gen-der transformation and the decent work agenda in Sub-Saharan Africa. Interna-tional Journal of Educational Develop-ment, 102, 102850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102850
- Wonde, K. M., Tsehay, A. S., & Lemma, S. E. (2022). Training at farmers training cen-ters and its impact on crop productivity and households’ income in Ethiopia: A propensity score matching (PSM) analy-sis. Heliyon, 8(7), e09837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heli-yon.2022.e09837
- Wongmonta, S. (2023, November). Revisiting the wage effects of vocational education and training (VET) over the life cycle: The case of Thailand. International Journal of Educational Development, 103, 102886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102886
- Wu, K., & Wan, S. (2023). Job Stability and Household Financial Vulnerability: Evi-dence from Field Surveys in China. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4618175
- Xu, Z., Li, Y., Wang, C., & Shan, J. (2024, January). Social capital and environmentally friendly behaviors. Environmental Sci-ence & Policy, 151, 103612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.en-vsci.2023.103612
- Yang, B., Zhou, Z., Devakonda, V., & Qu, Y. (2024, April). The role of neural reward sensitiv-ity in the longitudinal relations between parents’ familism values and Latinx Amer-ican youth’s prosocial behaviors. Develop-mental Cognitive Neuroscience, 66, 101343.
- Yao, Z., & Li, Y. (2023, December). The influence of social support on low-income adoles-cents’ prosocial behavior: The mediating role of social goals. Children and Youth Services Review, 155, 107201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107201
- Yi, M., Li, J., & Shen, G. (2024, March). Can tar-geted poverty alleviation reduce criminal offenses? Empirical evidence from China judgments online data. China Economic Quarterly International, 4(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceqi.2024.03.003
- Zhang, Y., Wang, J., & Song, G. (2024, January). Educational inequality or educational seg-regation? The determinants of criminal activities in 288 Chinese cities. Applied Geography, 162, 103174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.103174
- Zhang, Z., Fu, L., Jing, W., & Liao, Z. (2023, April). Childhood parental companionship, self-esteem and prosocial behavior in college students: A correlation analysis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 43, 87–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2023.01.002
- Zhou, D., Zha, F., Qiu, W., & Zhang, X. (2024, April). Does digital literacy reduce the risk of returning to poverty? Evidence from China. Telecommunications Policy, 102768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tel-pol.2024.102768.
- Zuo, H., Li, S., Ge, Z., & Chen, J. (2023, Decem-ber). The impact of education on relative poverty and its intergenerational trans-mission ——Causal identification based on the Compulsory Education Law. China Economic Review, 82, 102071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2023.102071