Home⇛Philippine Scientific Journal⇛vol. 55 no. 2 (2022)

Risk Factors for Antibiotic Resistance to Common Bacterial Isolates among Adult Patients with Bacterial Pneumonia Admitted at MCU-FDTMF Hospital

Carolina Caryl J Javiniar | Lalaine L Mortera

Discipline: Medical Sciences

 

Abstract:

Antibiotic resistance is prevalent among the bacterial pathogens causing pneumonia. In this cross-sectional study, the risk factors for antibiotic resistance to common bacterial isolates among 75 adult patients with bacterial pneumonia were evaluated. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the study population was 72%. Age (P=0.665), gender (P=0.585), current immunosuppression (P=0.780), and comorbid conditions (P=0.654) are not statistically associated with antibiotic resistance. Klebsiella pneumoniae (46.67%) was the most common pathogen isolated in sputum samples of patients with pneumonia followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.67%). The most common antibiotic analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility was ciprofloxacin (82.67%) followed by cotrimoxazole (77.33%). Among these antibiotics, the antibiotic resistance was highest in ampicillin (90.91%) followed by oxacillin (80.00%). The odds ratio of antibiotic resistance in terms of gender (female); current immunosuppression; acute coronary syndrome; atrial fibrillation; bronchial asthma; cerebrovascular disease; chronic kidney disease; COPD; heart failure; diabetes mellitus; hypertensive atherosclerotic; cardiovascular disease; liver cirrhosis were as follows: 5.84 (95% CI: 0.08 - 402.06); 3.89 (95% CI: 0.04 - 358.95); 1.12 (95% CI: 0.01 - 178.3); 4.98 (95% CI: 0.05 - 543.84); 3.42 (95% CI: 0.04 - 294.15); 5.8 (95% CI: 0.01 - 2,680.41); 1.93 (95% CI: 0.01 - 329.64); 7.43 (95% CI: 0.08 - 720.97); 6.25 (95% CI: 0.06 - 636.52); 1.71 (95% CI: 0.02 - 41.31); 8.62 (95% CI: 0.12 - 613.56); 5.81 (95% CI: 0.01-2,688.45); and 6.26 (95% CI: 0.06 - 637.23) respectively. Resistant pathogens require a different antibiotic treatment, and identification of specific risk factors could help to identify these microbial etiologies.



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