Home⇛Annals of Tropical Research⇛vol. 47 no. 1 (2025)

Phytochemical extraction and in vitro UV/H2O2 photolysis induced DNA damage protection activity potential of Cogon Grass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.) ground and aerial parts extracts

Lee Andrew L. Gonzales

 

Abstract:

Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica (L.)P.Beauv.), a globally known invasive grass, has been studied for its application in DNA protective activity. However, most studies only utilized aerial cogon parts leaving the ground parts understudied. This study aimed to compare both ground and aerial cogon phytochemical extracts and its potential protective activity against damage to pUC19 plasmid DNA induced by reactive oxygen species. The total phytochemical analysis showed that the fermented leaf powder showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid content while chloroform root macerate had the lowest yield. Fermented root samples and fermentation control flavonoids were enzymatically hydrolyzed resulting in higher phenolic content. The DNA damage protection assay of the extracts was conducted by photolyzing the UV/H O system to produce radical oxygen species 2 2 inflicting DNA fragmentation. The scored bands showed that all chloroform extracts exhibited DNA damage protective activity. Among the fermented extracts, only fermented leaf macerate exhibited positive protective activity while fermented root samples showed excessive DNA damage, and fermented leaf powder with slight DNA damage. The results imply the potential of cogon grass extracts to be developed into cancer-preventive products and apoptotic regulators to minimize cancer proliferation.



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