Philippine E-Journals

Antibacterial Activity of Persea americana (Avocado) Peel Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multi- Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates

Rvin John T. Servillon | Mary Claire C. Dingal | Marvielyn C. Lusica | Maria Kristina A. Yamson | Mark John B. Balonebro | Florence B. Alzate

 

Abstract:

The increasing mortality from drug resistant bacteria especially Staphyloccocus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is alarming. Newer, stronger, and expensive antibiotics are formulated which could heighten toxicity to human system. Thus, there is a need to discover alternative medicines from natural resources like plants. This study explored the potential of ripe evergreen avocado (Persea americana) peel extract’s antibacterial property. The avocado peels were subjected to ethanolic extraction. The extract was preliminarily screened for its phytochemical components which were found to be cardenolides, bufadienolides, 2-deoxy sugar, unsaturated steroid/triterpenoid, unsaturated lactone, and flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity of P. americana peel extracts against the reference strains of S. aureus (ATCC 25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27653), Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (ATCC 43300) and five clinical isolates were carried out using the disc diffusion technique using commercial antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefepime as positive controls. One-Way Analysis of Variance and Post Hoc Multiple Comparison tests were employed to determine the peels’ efficacy. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) test revealed 17.5μg/mL for S. aureus, 140μg/ mL for MRSA, and 35μg/mL for P. aeruginosa. Hence, the evergreen Avocado crude peel extract was shown to be as effective antibacterial agent against the test organisms as the commercial antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefepime as positive control.