Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 22 no. 7 (2024)

Self-Efficacy, Perceived Social Support, and Academic Performance of Working Students

Lovely Iñigo | Ruvi-Nimfa Orcullo | Bianca Marie Rivas | Danise Angelica Lacson

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

The study’s aim is to explore how self-efficacy, perceived social support and academic performance are related to one another when it comes to working students. The study used purposive sampling which included 61 female and 41 male working students in National University Fairview with ages 18-30 years old. The study utilized correlational research design. It was found that 68.60% were part-time employees with an average grade of 3.02. Test of normality was used to assess the normality of the distribution, using Kolmogorov-Smirnov. The results of the study show that self-efficacy has a significant relationship with academic performance and with perceived social support of the selected NU Fairview working students. However, there is no significant relationship between academic performance and perceived social support. By being ready for such situations, they can really be prepared to face them when they arise. When a working student is aware of his or her limitations in terms of academic performance, they may manage and handle situations appropriately. The levels and correlations between working students’ academic achievement, perceived social support, and self-efficacy have been determined by the researchers using a correlational design. The presence of a linear relationship between quantitative variables was ascertained using Pearson’s correlation.



References:

  1. Abenoja, R., et al. (2019). The Experience of Working While Studying: A Phenomenological Study of Senior High School Students.  Retrieved from https://osf.io/w5t7a/download
  2. Al Husaini, Y., & Ahmad Shukor, N. S. (2023). Factors Affecting Students’ Academic Performance: A Review. Retrieved from  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367360842_Factors_Affecting_Students'_Academic_Performance_A_review#:~:text=The %20results%20revealed%20that%20low,factors%20influencing%20students’%20academic%20performance
  3. Adler-Constantinescu, C., et al. (2013). Perceived Social Support and Perceived Self-Efficacy During Adolescence. Retrieved March  28, 2023, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187704281300863X
  4. Ahmad, A., & Safaria, T. (2013). Effects of Self-Efficacy on Students’ Academic Performance. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=self+efficacy+of+students+&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1679968933892
  5. Aranda, C. (2022). Working Students. Retrieved January 5, 2023, from  https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.manilatimes.net/2022/10/10/opinion/columns/working-students/1861663/amp
  6. Atlantis Press SARL. (2020). Description of Psychological Well-Being of Working Student in Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan  Timur. Retrieved March 25, 2023, from https://www.atlantispress.com/article/125939415.pdf
  7. Baert, S., et al. (2017). Student Employment and Academic Performance: An Empirical Exploration of the Primary Orientation Theory.  Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13504851.2017.1343443
  8. Baker, R., et al. (2018). The Effect of Labor Market Information on Community College Students’ Major Choice. Retrieved from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0272775718300566
  9. Balacuit, Jr. C. (2022). Working While Studying: The Academic Challenges of Working Scholars. Retrieved January 5, 2023, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361627711_WORKING_WHILE_STUDYING_THE_ACADEMIC_CHALLENGES_OF_ WORKING_SCHOLARS
  10. Bartolj, T., & Polanec, S. (2018). Does Work Harm Academic Performance of Students? Evidence Using Propensity Score Matching. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11162-017-94720
  11. Behune, M. (2020). The Importance of Early Investments for Students. Retrieved from https://uniacco.com/blog/importance-of-earlyinvestments-as-a-student#:~:text=Why%20is%20investment%20important%20in,importance%20%20investment%20for%20students
  12. Broton, K.M., & Goldrick-Rab, S. (2017). Going Without: An Exploration of Food and Housing Insecurity Among Undergraduates.  Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.3102/0013189X17741303
  13. Byron-Cox, H., et al. (2021). Albert Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Model. Retrieved April 7, 2023, from  https://study.com/learn/lesson/bandura-self-efficacy-theory-of-motivation.html
  14. Cellini, S. R., & Turner N. (2018). Gainfully Employed? Assessing the Employment and Earnings of For-Profit College Students Using  Administrative Data. Retrieved from http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/54/2/342.short
  15. Creed, P. A., French, J., & Hood, M. (2015). Working While Studying at University: The Relationship Between Work Benefits and Demands and Engagement and Well-Being. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-57465-007
  16. Curtis, S., & Lucas, R. (2001). A Coincidence of Needs? Employers and Full-Time Students. Retrieved from  https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/01425450110366264?fullSc=1&journalCode=er
  17. Curtis, S., & Shani, N. (2002). The Effect of Taking Paid Employment During Term Time on Students’ Academic Studies. Retrieved  from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03098770220129406
  18. Datu. J.A.D., et al. (2019). Academic Buoyancy, Academic Motivation, and Academic Achievement Among Filipino High School  Students. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-019-00358-y
  19. Doménech-Betoret, F., et al. (2017). Self-Efficacy, Satisfaction, and Academic Achievement: The Mediator Role of Students’  Expectancy-Value Belief. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01193/full
  20. Driscoll, K.A., et al. (2020). Adherence and Self-Management in Pediatric Populations. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128160008000013
  21. Dr. Meera, K.P., & Jumana, M.K. (2015). Self-Efficacy and Academic Performance in English. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1149492.pdf
  22. Edita, S. (2016). Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). 
  23. Evans, D., et al. (2018). A Review of the Academic and Psychological Impact of the Transition to Secondary Education. Retrieved  from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01482/full
  24. Forster, A.G., et al. (2021). Who Benefits Most from College? Dimensions of Selection and Heterogeneous Returns to Higher  Education in The United States and The Netherlands. Retrieved from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0276562421000275
  25. Gallagher, M.W. (2012). Self-Efficacy. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123750006003128
  26. Gutiérrez, M., et al. (2017). Perceived Social Support, School Engagement, and Satisfaction with School.
  27. Hamzah, S.R., Le, K.K., & Musa, S.N.S. (2021). The Mediating Role of Career Decision Self-Efficacy on the Relationship of Career  Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem with Career Adaptability Among University Students. Retrieved from  https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02673843.2021.1886952
  28. Hayat, A. (2020). Relationships Between Academic Self-Efficacy, Learning-Related Emotions, and Metacognitive Learning Strategies  with Academic Performance in Medical Students: A Structural Equation Model. Retrieved March 27, 2023, from  https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.
  29. LaMorte, W. W. (2022). The Social Cognitive Theory. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph modules/sb/behavioralchangetheories/behavioralchangetheories5.html
  30. Lcsw, A. M. (2020). The Dangers of Putting Too Much Pressure on Kids. Verywell Family. https://www.verywellfamily.com/the dangers-of-putting-too-much-pressure-on-kids-1094823
  31. Lee, H. J., & Bong, M. (2023). Learning, Cognition, and Human Development. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012818630514028X
  32. Lee, I. L. (2023). Importance of Social and Communication Skills For Students. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://tokyo.globalindianschool.org/blog

  33. details/importanceofcommunicationskillsforstudents#:~:text=Students%20will%20always%20be%0more,and%20eventual%20succe ss%20in%20academics

  34. Liem, G. (2019). Academic performance and assessment. Retrieved March 27, 2023, from  https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01443410.2019.1625522
  35. Llego, M. A. (2021). The Importance of Parental Involvement in Education. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://www.teacherph.com/parentalinvolvementeducation/#:~:text=When%20parents%20are%20involved%20in,parents%
  36. McLean, L., et.al. (2022). Perceived social support and stress: a study of 1st year students in Ireland. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=40&q=perceived+social+support+on+working+while+studying+&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5#d=gs
  37. Mhiketa. (2017). The Working Students and Their Academic Performance. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from  https://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/The Working-Students-And-Their-Academic/295078
  38. Mueller, A. (2022). Education vs. Experience: Which one Gets the Job? Retrieved October 17, 2022, from  https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0511/workexperience-vs.-education-which-lands-you-the-best-job.aspx#citation-6
  39. Neale, B., & Davies, L. (2021). Becoming a Young Breadwinner? The Education, Employment and Training Trajectories of Young  Fathers. 
  40. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283562551_Becoming_a_Young_Breawinner_The_Education_Employment_and_Training _Trajectories_of_Young_Fat
  41. Naylor, A. (2021). Students feel the positive, negative effects of working while in school. Retrieved January 26, 2023, from  https://thespartanoracle.com/archives/students-feel-the-positive-negative-effects of-working-while-in-school/
  42. Nyangu, L. (2022). Struggle of a Breadwinner Student. Retrieved January 6, 2023, from  https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.herald.co.zw/struggles-of-a-student-breadwnner/amp/
  43. Palant, A., & Himmel, W. (2019). Are there also negative effects of social support? A qualitative study of patients with inflammatory  bowel disease. BMJ Open, 9(1), e022642. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022642
  44. Pascoe, M. C., et.al. (2019). The Impact of Stress on Students in Secondary School And Higher Education.  https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02673843.2019.159683
  45. Perna, L., & Odle, T. (2020). Recognizing the Reality of Working College Students. https://www.aaup.org/article/recognizing-reality working-college-students#.Y7ayhgRUu8
  46. Pressure to do well at school. (n.d.). https://schools.au.reachout.com/articles/pressure-to-do-well
  47. Proescher, E., et.al. (2022). Impact of perceived social support on mental health, Quality of life, and disability in post–9/11 US military  veterans. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://scholar.google.com/scholar?start=40&q=perceived+social+support+on+working+while+studying+&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5#d=gs
  48. Raffy, T. (2022). Filipino families are at risk as breadwinners continue to be uninsured. https://www.techpatrl.com/bdo-life-insurance plan-b/
  49. Rautanen, P., et.al. (2021). Primary school students’ perceived social support in relation to study engagement. Retrieved March 28,  2023, from  https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&q=perceived+social+support+of+working+students+&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t= 1680007287093&=%23p%A684KCqh0y4J
  50. Ramos, E. (2021). Social Support and Academic Motivation of Students at Risk of Dropping Out.  https://www.academia.edu/78277911/Social_Support_and_Academic_Motivation_of_Students_at_Risk_of_Dropping_Out
  51. Rendon, R., et.al. (2020). Perceived social support and its effects on changes in the affective and eudaimonic well-being of Chilean  university students. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0,5&q=perceived+social+support+effects+on+college+Students&btnG=#d=gs_qa bs&t=1679978301430&u=%23p%3DmJ7kdUYQIroJ
  52. Steinmayr, R., et.al. (2019). The Importance of Students’ Motivation for Their Academic Achievement – Replication and Extending  Previous Findings. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01730/full
  53. Suryaratri, R., et.al. (2021). The Role of Academic Self Efficacy and Social Support in Achieving Academic Flow in Online Learning.  Retrieved March 27, 2023, from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1334735.pdf
  54. Tadese, M., et.al. (2022). Determinants of Good Academic Performance Among University Students in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional  Study. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-022
  55. Wan Maziah Wan Ab Razak, et.al. (2019). Academic Performance of University Students: A Case in a Higher Learning Institution.  https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Social/article/view/4285/8800#info
  56. What is Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory? The Psychology Notes Headquarters. (2019).  https://www.psychologynoteshq.com/bronfenbrenner-ecological-theory/
  57. Zamani-Alavijeh, F., Dehkordi, F. R., & Shahry, P. (2017). Perceived social support among students of medical sciences. Electron  Physician, 9(6), 4479-4488. doi:10.19082/4479. PMID: 28848620; PMCID: PMC5557125
  58. Zimmerman, B. (2013). Self-Efficacy: An Essential Motive to Learn. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361476X99910160

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic