HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 22 no. 5 (2024)

GaLeCumb Extracts as Termite Repellent

Kyla Mae Illana | Diana Shiara Jen Kitagawa | Vianca Yzabelle Panganiban | Ashley Jade Tapulao | Venice DelosSantos

Discipline: business studies

 

Abstract:

Termites cause structural damage to residential and commercial buildings. Chemical repellents are commonly used to address this issue, but concerns have been raised regarding their long-term effects on health and the environment. Customers have complained with the repellents' odor and the discoloration on wood surfaces. Alternative solutions may have been explored in previous studies, limited research has been done on a combination of garlic, lemon, and cucumber extracts (GaLeCumb). To address this, the study explored the effectiveness and acceptability of GaLeCumb as an alternative organic repellent in terms of repelling termites, duration, odor, and discoloration, compared to the commercial product. The gathering of numerical data through a quantitative method began after steam distillation and formulation of three repellents were done. Following this was a 14-day observation where 4 single-choice tests were performed to evaluate termite repellency. It was revealed that Formulation 2 had the best formulation. Fifteen woodworking experts were purposely sampled as respondents of the study. In the analysis of results, it was revealed that the developed repellent was effective in repelling a high percentage of termites all throughout 24 hours. In addition, data showed that there is a significant difference between the commercially done product (SD = 3.28) and the GaLeCumb Termite Repellent (SD = 1.22). Mean scores showed that GaLeCumb Termite Repellent was “very much acceptable” in terms of both odor (M = 3.98) and discoloration (M = 3.7). These findings contribute valuable insights for future researchers, addressing gaps and limitations in the field of termite repellent.



References:

  1. Acapulco, D. F., Cesa, J. R., Madajoyan, C., Pasaol, R., Seguerra, S., and Fernandez, V. (2015). Effectiveness of Lanzones Peelings’  extract as mosquito repellent. https://www.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=60694  
  2. Acda, M. (2013). Evaluation of Lahar barrier to protect wood structures from Philippine subterranean termites.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290578511_Evaluation_of_Lahar_barrier_to_protect_wood_structures_from_Philippine_subterranean_termites  
  3. Acda, M. (2017, September). Performance of Soil Termiticides in Open Field and Under Roof Overhang.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319973342_Performance_of_Soil_Termiticides_in_Open_Field_and_Under_Roof_Overhang   
  4. Acosta, L., Eda, M., and Ligmayo, C. (2023, January 28). The effectiveness of garlic and lemongrass as natural mosquito
  5. repellents.scribd.com. https://www.scribd.com/document/473671855/GARLIC-AS-MOSQUITO-REPELLENT  
  6. Affandi, R. B., and Omar, Z. (2018). The Study on the Effectiveness of Anti Termites by using Natural Agent for Organic Pesticides  (OP’s). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324585622_The_Study_on_the_Effectiveness_of_Anti_Termites_by_using_Natural_Agent_for_Organic_Pesticides_OP's_Based_on_its_Safety_and_Economics   
  7. Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A., Azarmi, S., and Mosawi, S. H. (2019). Effectiveness of plant-based repellents  against different Anopheles species: a systematic review. Malaria Journal, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8  
  8. Bacani, E. J., Dumlao, J., Mallari, C., Valencia, R., & Rotairo, J. (2020). Nami Plant extract as an alternative termite repellent.  https://www.coursehero.com/file/60963501/RPSTEM201C1toC5G3docx  
  9. Belmi, R. M., Giron, J., and Tansengco, M. L. (2014, July 15). Antidesma bunius (Bignay) fruit extract as an organic pesticide against  epilachna spp. https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5003/article/view/3645  
  10. Castro, J., De Jesus, N., & Gonos, J. (2024). The Efficacy of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus) and Baking Soda Solution asCockroach  Repellent Towards American Cockroach (Periplaneta Americana. https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/cagayan-de-oro college/science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics/the-efficacy-of-cucumber-cucumis-sativus-and-baking-soda-solution-ascockroach-repellent-towards-american-cockroach-periplaneta- americana/85440515  
  11. Edwin, I. E. (2017). TERMITICIDAL EFFICACY OF CITRUS PEEL EXTRACTS AGAINST TERMITES (Macrotermesbellicosus). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320961554  
  12. Geier, P. W., and Clark, L. R., 1961, An ecological approach to pest control, in: Proceedings of the Eighth Technical Meeting,  International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Warsaw, 1960, pp. 10–18.
  13. Gitahi, S. M., Ngugi, M. P., Mburu, D., and Machocho, A. K. (2021). Repellent Effects of Selected Organic Leaf Extracts of Tithonia  diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray and Vernonia lasiopus (O. Hoffman) against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera:  Curculionidae). The Scientific World Journal, 2021, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2718629  
  14. Gumban, J. D. (2013, August 27). The effectiveness of lemon grass as natural insect repellent [Slide show]. SlideShare.  https://www.slideshare.net/gumbanjohndaniel/the-effectiveness-of-lemon-grass-as-natural-insect-repellent  
  15. Langsi, J. D., Nukenine, E. N., Oumarou, K. M., Moktar, H., Fokunang, C. N., & Mbata, G. N. (2020). Evaluation of the Insecticidal  Activities of α-Pinene and 3-Carene on Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Insects, 11( 8 ), 540.  https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11080540  
  16. Matt. (2023). Killing Termites In The Philippines: Effective Methods And Prevention Tips | Mast Producing Trees. https://mastproducing-trees.org/killing-termites-in-the-philippines- effective-methods-and-prevention-tips/  
  17. Medha, K., Rajna, S., Devi, L., and Samant, L. (2021, May). A comprehensive review on moth repellent finishing of woolen textiles. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/35235  
  18. Miranda, K., Chico, D., Balmelero, B., Mamuad, P., Gutierrez, S., Fernando, R., Angeles, K., Brioness, J., and Gamboa, A. (2023,  September 29). Insecticidal Effect of Cymbopogon citratuson the Termite Mortality Rates. coursehero.com.  https://www.coursehero.com/file/213188190/Final-Research-Paper-draft-090505docx/  
  19. Oi, F. (2022, January). A Review of the Evolution of Termite Control: A Continuum of Alternatives to Termiticides in the United  States with Emphasis on Efficacy Testing Requirements for Product Registration.
  20. Onu, F. M., Ogu, E., & Ikehi, M. (2015). Use of neem and garlic dried plant powders for controlling some stored grains pests.  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291350537_Use_of_neem_and_garlic_dried_plant_powders_for_controlling_some_stored_grains_pests  
  21. Parvez, A. A., Hossain, M. J., Hossain, M. Z., Sohan, M. S. H., Shahid, M. I., Ahsan, M. H., and Hoque, M. S. (2023). Mosquito  repellent fabric: Development and characterization of peppermint and garlic mixture finish on knitted fabric to examine mosquito  repellency. Heliyon, 9(5), e15944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15944  
  22. Qiu, B., Shelomi, M., and Huang, L. (2021, April 15). NCucumber vs Ants: a Case Against the Myth of the Uses of Plant Extracts in  Insect Pest Managemen. periodicos.uefs.br. https://periodicos.uefs.br/index.php/sociobiology/article/view/5813/5816  
  23. Salman, H. E., and Radhi, I. J. (2022, November 27). Effect smelly chemical compounds on the  environmental. https://uokerbala.edu.iq/en/effect-smelly-chemical-compounds-on-the- environmental/  
  24. Sapkota, R. (2018, July 2). Residual Effects of Termiticides on Mortality of Formosan Subterranean Termites, Coptotermes  Formosanus Shiraki, in Substrates Subjected to Flooding.  https://repository.lsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5775&context=gradschool_theses
  25. Sare, R. (2021, April 18). The economic cost of termite infestation - Pharmcle Ph. Pharmcle Ph. https://pharmcle.ph/the-economic cost-of-termite-infestation/  
  26. Simunkova, K., Liskova, T., & Sobotnik, J. (2022). Lavender oil as eco-friendly alternative to protect wood against termites without  negative effect on wood properties. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8813917/  
  27. Thompson, W. R. (1956). The fundamental theory of natural and biological control. Annual Review of Entomology, 1(1), 379–402.  https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.01.010156.002115  
  28. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (1992, June). Fact sheet Allium sativum (Garlic).  https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/reg_actions/reregistration/fs_PC-128827_1- Jun-92.pdf  
  29. Verschut, T. A., Carlsson, M. A., & Hambäck, P. A. (2019). Scaling the interactive effects of attractive and repellent odours for insect  search behaviour. Scientific Reports, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51834-1  
  30. Williamson, K. (2023, June 10). Unveiling the Intriguing World of Coptotermes Termites in the Philippines. Pest Control Services in  the Philippines | https://bedbugs.net/unveiling-the-intriguing-world-of-coptotermes-termites-in-the-philippines
  31. Yilmazer, S., Aras, U., Kalaycioglu, H., & Temiz, A. (2023). Water absorption, thickness swelling and mechanical properties of cement  bonded wood composite treated with water repellent