Home⇛Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives⇛vol. 3 no. 8 (2025)

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Gravimetric Analysis of Protein Denaturation in Egg Albumen Treated with Colocasia esculenta L. Schott (Taro) Leaf Extract

Ronald Andrei Castillo | Ariel Ziv A. Dilag | Iyanna Francine R. Mira | Sebastian P. Panganiban | Marcelino G. Gigantone, Jr. | Angelo Albert A. Adan | Thyrene Chelsea V. Alafriz | Yoshabel Chelsea D. Bautista | James Kurt G. Ostria | Carmela Felicia M. Vigilia

Discipline: biosciences (non-specific)

 

Abstract:

One of the leading factors contributing to the development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease is protein misfolding. When this occurs, these proteins lose their proper form, leading to dysfunction and aggregation. Limited remedies that focus on symptomatic relief have been developed, thereby leading to plant-derived compounds gaining attention as their potential to stabilize proteins. The study aims to determine taro leaf extract's effect combined with egg albumen on protein structures observed through infrared spectroscopy, evaluating protein structural change and mass measuring for protein denaturation. Researchers compared four concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, and 100%) to diclofenac sodium and distilled water, with all groups containing egg albumen. Only 100% concentration and control groups were analyzed using FT-IR spectra, revealing hydrogen bonding interactions and structural differences by distinct shifts in Amide I bands. Through deconvolution, 100% concentration showed the highest α-helix content, presence of β-sheet, and no random coil signals, revealing preservation of native secondary structure and protein stability in opposite to negative control. The gravimetric analysis further supported increased mass in higher extract concentrations. A one-way ANOVA for gravimetric analysis yielded a p-value of 7.11 × 10^ (-5), indicating significance between groups. Tukey's HSD post hoc test showed significance between 100% and the concentrations (12, 25, and 50%) with p-values of 0.013, 0.016, and 0.017, indicating distinct aggregation caused by 100% compared to the lower concentrations. Moreover, no significant differences were compared to controls with p-values of 0.149 and 0.584 which reinforces the extract's coagulative role rather than its anti-inflammatory effect. Findings suggest that the extract induced protein structural shifts, preventing misfolding and stabilizing the α-helix and β-sheet structures' secondary structures. However, further investigation is needed to explore its role as a coagulative agent and dosage-dependent behavior, providing insights for future therapeutic approaches in protein misfolding conditions.



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