Home⇛Annals of Tropical Research⇛vol. 37 no. 2 (2015)

Assessment of Nutritional Potency and Pomological Traits in the Wild and Cultivated Varieties of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae)

Salma S Beevy | Noor Mohammad H Bai

 

Abstract:

Nutrient composition in the fruits of cultivated and wild varieties of viz, M. charantia M charantia charantia muricata . var. and var. were evaluated to prioritize the wild accessions suitable for crop improvement programme. The nutritive value of the varieties were assessed in terms of the quantity of proteins, carbohydrate, vitamins, total sugar , reducing and non-reducing sugar and minerals like Na, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe,Cu and Zn. The wild variety was found superior than the cultivar in terms of their nutrient content. The study recognized MC12, as the elite germplasm with highest concentration of Vit. E, B2, Cu and Ca and the accession MC10 as a rich source of carbohydrate, non-reducing sugar and Vit. B1. The accessions MC2, MC7, and MC15 were superior having higher concentration of protein, Vit. C and reducing sugar respectively. Correlation analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between fruit traits and nutrient composition. UPGMA dendrogram analysis suggests that the nutritional variation in the accessions was not determined by the fruit and seed morphology. However, a direct relationship between the nutrient contents and the fruit traits viz, fruit weight, length and fruit diameter was observed. The study recommends the accessions like MC12, MC7, MC10, and MC15 with high nutrient composition for bitter gourd breeding programme. The study emphasizes the conservation of the wild species, the rich sources of nutrients for crop improvement programme.



References:

  1. ABEROUMAND, A. (2010) A comparative study of nutrients and mineral molar ratio of some plant foods with recommended dietary allowances. Advanced Journal of Food Science and Technology 2 (2): 104-108.
  2. ABEROUMAND, A. and S.S. DEOKALA. 2009. Proximate and mineral composition of wild coco(Eulophia create L.) tubers in Iran. Asian Journal of Food Agriculture and Industry 2(02) 203-209.
  3. ALONSO, C. and C.M. HERRERA. 2001. Patterns made of patterns: variation and covariation of leaf nutrient concentrations within and between populations of Prunus mahaleb. New Phytologist 150 629-640.
  4. BAKARE, R.I., O.A. MAGBAGBEOLA, A.I. Akinwande, and O.W. Okunowo. 2010. Nutritional and chemical evaluation of Momordica charantia. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research4(21): 2189-2193.
  5. BEHERA, T. K. 2004. Heterosis in bitter gourd. In Hybrid vegetable development.eds. P. K. Singh, S. H.Dasgupta and S. K. Tripathi. Haworth Press, New York.
  6. BEHERA, T. K., S. BEHERA, L.K. BHARATHI, K. JOSEPH JOHN, W.S. PHILIPP, and E.S. JOHN. 2010. Bitter gourd: Botany, horticulture, breeding. Horticultural Reviews 37: 101-141..
  7. BHARATHI, L.K., A.D. MUNSHI, T.K. BEHERA, VINOD, K. JOSEPH JOHN, A.Β. DAS, K. V. BHAT, and A.S. SIDHU. 2012. Production and preliminary characterization of inter-specific hybrids derived from Momordica species. Current Science 103(2):178-186.
  8. CECIL, J.S., G.E. BARTH, N.A. MAIER, W.L. CHVYL, and M. N. BARTESKO. 1995. Leaf chemical composition and nutrient removal by stem of Leucadendron cvSilvan Red and Safari Sunset. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35: 275-283.
  9. CORLETT, R. T. 1996. Characteristics of vertebrate- dispersed fruits in Hong Kong. Journal of Tropical Ecology12:819-833.
  10. DEBUSSCHE, M., J. CORTEZ, and I. RIMBAULT. 1987. Variation in fleshy fruit composition in the Mediterranean region: the importance of ripening season, life form, fruit type and geographical distribution. Oikos 49: 244-252.
  11. DESAI, U. T., and A.M. MUSMADE. 1998. Pumpkins, squashes and gourds 273-298. In Handbook of vegetable science and technology: production, composition, storage and processing. eds. D. K. Salunkhe and S. S. Kadam Marcel Dekker, New York.
  12. DEY, S.S., T.K. BEHERA, and C. KAUR. (2005-2006). Genetic variability in ascorbic acid and carotenoids content in Indian bitter gourd (Momordica charantiaL.) germplasm. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report 28-29: 91-93.
  13. EDMONS, J., and J. CHWEYA. 1995. Black nightshades, Solanumnigrum L. and related species in Promoting the conservation and use of under utilized and neglected crops. 221-234. Taylor and Francis London.
  14. EROMOSELE, I.C., C.O. EROMOSELE, and M. KUZHKUZHA. 1991. Evaluation of mineral elements and ascorbic acid contents in fruits of some wild plants. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition.(41)151-154.
  15. FREIBERGER, C.E., D.J. VANDERJAGT, A. PASTUSZYN, R.S. GLEW, G. MOUNKAILA, M. MILLSON, and R.H. GLEW. 1998.Nutrient content of the edible leaves of seven wild plants from Niger. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 53(1):57-69.
  16. GARTEN, C.T. 1976. Correlation between concentration of elements in Plants. Nature 261:686-688.
  17. HARRIS, L. J., and S.N. RAY. 1935. Determination of plasma ascorbic acid by 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol titration. Lancet 1:462.
  18. HEDGE, J.E., and B.T. HOFRIETER, 1962. In: Carbohydrate chemistry 17. eds.

R.L.Whistler and J. N. Be Miller. Academic Press, New York.

  1. HERRERA, C. M. 1987. Vertebrate- dispersed plants of Iberian Peninsula: a study of fruit characteristics. Ecological Monographs 57:305-331.
  2. IZHAKI, I., E. TSAHAR, I. PAULY, and J. FRIEDMAN. 2002. Within population variation and interrelationship between morphology, nutritional content and secondary compounds of Rhamnus alaterus fruits. New Phytologist 156: 217-223
  3. JORDANO, P.1984. Seed weight variation and differential avian dispersal in blackberries Rubus ulmifolius. Oikos 43:149-153.
  4. JOSEPH J.K., and V.T.ANTONY. 2010. A taxonomic revision of the genus Momordica L. (Cucurbitaceae) in India. Ind. J. Plant Genet. Res. 23(2): 172-184.
  5. KALE, A.A., S.R. GADAKH, and R.N. ADSULE. 1991. Physico-chemical characteristics of improved varieties of bittergourd (Momordica charantia.) Maharashtra Journal of Horticulture 5:56-59.
  6. KENDRICK, L. M., X.Y. MEI, and N.K. BHATTARAI. 2004. Allozyme, morphological and nutritional analysis bearing on the domestication of Momordica charantia.... (Cucurbitaceae). Economic Botany 58(3): 435-455.
  7. LOWERY, O.H., N.J. ROSEBROUGH, L.A. FAN, and R.J. RANDALL. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin-Phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:262-275.
  8. MAHADKAR, S., S. VALVI, and V. RATHOD. 2012.Nutritional assessment of some selected wild edible plants as a good source of mineral. Asian Journal of Plant Science Research 2 (4):468-472.
  9. MAHAPATRA, A. K., S. MISHRA, U.C. BASAK, and P.C. PANDA. 2012.Nutrient analysis of some selected wild edible fruits of deciduous forests of India: an explorative study towards non conventional bio-nutrition. Advanced Journal of Food Science and Technology 4(1): 15-21.
  10. MARKOVIC, Z., J. ZDRAVKOVIC, and M. DAMJANOVIC. 1996. Correlation between the morphological characteristics and the biochemical components of tomato fruit quality. Acta Horticulture (ISHS) 462: 151-156.
  11. MILLER, G. I. 1972.Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugars. Analytical Chemistry 31:426.
  12. MINIRAJ, N., K.P. PRASANNA, and K.V. PETER. 1993. Bitter gourd Momordica spp.In Genetic improvement of vegetable plants.eds. G.Kalloo and B.O. Bergh.Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
  13. MURUGKAR, D. A., and G. SUBBULAKSHMI. 2005. Nutritive values of wild edible fruits, berries, nuts, roots and spices consumed by the Khasi tribes of India. Ecology and Food Nutrition 44 (3): 207-223.
  14. OBESO, J.R. and C.M. HERRERA. 1994. Inter and intra specific variation in fruit traits in co occurring vertebrate dispersed plants. International Journal of Plant Science 155: 382-387.
  15. OKWU, D. E. 2005. Phytochemicals, vitamins, and mineral contents of two Nigerian medicinal plants International Journal of Molecular Medicine and Advanced Science 1(4): 375-381.
  16. RANGANA, S.C. 1979. Manual of Analysis of Fruit and Vegetable Products. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
  17. REYES, M.E.C., B.H. GILDEMACHER, and G.J. JANSEN. 1994. Momordica L.pp.206-210 In: Plant resources of South-East Asia: Vegetables. eds. J.S. Siemonsoma and K. Piluekaeds. Pudoc scientific publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
  18. SINGH, D., V. BAHADUR, D.B. SINGH, and G. GHOSH. 2009. Spine gourd ( Momordica dioca): An underutilized vegetable with high nutritional and medicinal values. Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 809: 241-248.
  19. ULLAH, M., F. KARIMCHY, S.K. SARKAR, M.K. ISLAM, and N. ABSAR. 2011.
  20. VOGEL, A.I. 1962. In: A text-book of quantitative inorganic analysis (including elementary instrumental analysis). 3rd Ed. Longmans, Green, London.
  21. WILLS, R.B.H., A.W.K WONG, and F.M. SCRIVEN, Greenfield, H.1984. Nutrient composition of Chinese vegetables. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry.32(2):413-416.
  22. YUWAI, K.E., K.S. RAO, J.C. KALUWIN, G.P. JONES, and D.E. RIVETTS. 1991. Chemical composition of Momordica charantiaL. Fruits. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 39:1782-1763.

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic