Home⇛Annals of Tropical Research⇛vol. 35 no. 2 (2013)

Physicochemical Properties, Nutritional and Sensory Quality of “Batuan” [ (Blco.) Choisy] Fruits Garcinia

Elizabeth S. Quevedo | Antonio C. Laurena | Florinia E. Merca

 

Abstract:

The physicochemical properties and nutritional profile of the different parts and stages of maturity of “batuan” [ Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy] fruits in the Visayas State University (VSU) were determined using standard analytical methods to validate their use as a safe food ingredient. Sensory evaluation on the acceptability of the dry, powdered “batuan” fruits as souring agent in fish stew dish was also conducted. Proximate composition, physicochemical properties and nutrient composition between parts and fruit maturity varied to some level. The pulp which constituted the biggest part of the fruit and the immature ones contained high moisture and acidity that decreased as the fruit matured. Ash, protein, sugar, starch, total carbohydrates, total soluble solids, and sodium content were low in “batuan” fruits. The seeds contained high crude fat, crude protein, and tannin. “Batuan” fruits were also found high in vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, and trace levels of zinc, copper and manganese. Crude fiber and vitamin A were concentrated in the peel, pulp and ripe fruit. Based on the 9-point Hedonic scale for sensory evaluation, the fresh and the dry, powdered “batuan” fruits were comparable to one another in terms of color, mouth feel, taste and general acceptability as souring agent for fish stew. Results showed that “batuan” fruits have good physicochemical properties and nutrient contents which are comparable or even higher than some conventional fruits used as souring agents. The powdered “batuan” fruit is a potential ready-touse souring agent for domestic consumption, food industry, and other applications.



References:

  1. ADEKUNLE, A.I. and J.O. ADENIKE. 2012. Comparative analysis of proximate, minerals and functional properties of Tamarindus indica pulp and Ziziphusspina Christi fruit and seed. Greener Journal of Agricultural Science 2(1): 21-25.
  2. ADEOLA, A.A., OLUNLADE, B.A., OFOLABI, M.O., ADEOLA, O.O. and OW. ΙΒΙΤΟΥΕ. 2012. A comparative evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of Tamarind (Tamarindus indicus L.) seeds in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Research and Development 11(2):151-158.
  3. ANONYMOUS. 2006. Batuan Puree. In: Wyatt’s Kitchen. Accessed on July 27, 2013 from: www.wayttskitchen.com/2006/12/7/batuan-puree/
  4. [AOAC] ASSOCIATION OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS. 1980. The Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 13th Ed. W. Horwitz (ed) Washington DC, USA. Pergamon Press.
  5. AJAYI, I.A., E. IFEDI and V.N. AGHANU. 2013. Amino acid analysis and preliminary toxicological evaluation of Garcinia mangostana seed cake in albino rats. Global J. of Sci. Front. Res. Chem. 13(1):16-22.
  6. ATASIE, V.N. and T.F. AKINHANMI. 2009. Extraction, compositional studies and physico-chemical characteristics of palm kernel oil. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8(6):800-803.
  7. BUTKHUP, L. and S. SAMAPPITO. 2011. Changes in physico-chemical properties, polyphenol compounds and antiradical activity during development and ripening of maoluang (antidesma bunius 1. spreng) fruits. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 19(1):85-99.
  8. CANAPI, E.C., AGUSTIN, Y.T.V., MORO, E. A., PEDROSA, E. JR. AND M.L.J. BENDAÑO. 2005. Coconut Oil. In: Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products Sixth Edition. (ed.) Shahidi, F. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey 3:123-147.
  9. COCHRAN, W.G. and G.M. COX. 1957. Experimental Designs. New York, London. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  10. COJUANGCO, G.O. 2012. Binukao-A source of my gastronomical treats. In: Inquirer Opinion. Accessed on July 26, 2013 from: http://opinion.inquirer.net/41012/binukau#ixzz2YcY4mqGr.
  11. CORONEL, R.E. 2011. Important and Underutilized Fruits of the Philippines. DA-BAR and UPLB. Manila, Philippines.
  12. CORONEL, R.E. 1991. Tamarindus indica L. In: Verheij, E.W.M & CORONEL, R.E. (eds) Plant Resources of South East Asia No. 2 Edible Fruits and Nuts. PROSEA Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia pp.298-301.
  13. DE LA CRUZ, R.T. 2012. Binucao: the underutilized souring agent. BAR Chronicle. September 2012 Issue 13: 9
  14. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF THE PHILIPPINES. 1995. Philippines: Country Report to the FAO International Technical Conference on Plant Genetic Resources (Leipzeg, 1996). Accessed on July 26, 2013 from www.fao.org/fileadmin/template/agphome/documents/PGR/SoW1/asia/PHILIPPINES
  15. EKHOLMA, P., REINIVUO, H., MATTILA, P., PAKKALA, H., KOPONEN, J. HAPPONEN, A., HELLSTROM, J. and M.L. OVASKAINEN. 2007. Changes in the mineral and trace element contents of cereals, fruits and vegetables in Finland. Journal of Food Components and Analysis 20:487-495.
  16. FEUNGCHAN, S., YIMSAWAT, T., CHINDAPRASET, S. and P. KITPOWSONG. 1996a. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) plant genetic resources in Thailand. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science Special Issue 1: 1-11.
  17. FEUNGCHAN, S., YIMSAWAT, T., CHINDAPRASET, S. and P. KITPOWSONG. 1996b. Evaluation of Tamarind cultivars on the chemical composition of pulp. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science Special Issue 1: 28-33.
  18. FLORIDO, H.B. and F.F. CORTIGUERRA. 2003. Lesser Known Edible Tree Species. Research Information Series on Ecosystem. 15(3):7-8.
  19. GORINSTEIN, S., ZACHWIEJA, S., FOLTA, M., BARTON, H., PIOTROWICZ, J., ZEMSER, M., WEISZ, M., TRAKHTENBERG, S., and O. MARTIN-BELLOSO. 2001. Comparative content of total polyphenols and dietary fiber in tropical fruits and persimmon. Journal of Agriculture & Food Chemistry 49:952-957.
  20. KADAM, D.M., KAUSHIK, P. and R. KUMAR. 2012. Evaluation of guava products quality. International Journal of Food Science & Nutrition Engineering 2(1):7-11.
  21. KAUR, G., NAGPAL, A. and B. KAUR. 2006. Tamarind - Date of India. Science Tech Entrepreneur Dec 2006 Issue
  22. MORTON, J. F. 1987. Bilimbi. p.128-129 In: Fruits of Warmer Climates. Accessed on September 4, 2013 from http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/bilimbi.html
  23. MORTON, J. F. 1987. Calamondin. p176-178 In: Fruits of Warmer Climates. Accessed on September 4, 2013 from http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/calamondin.html
  24. MORTON, J. F. 1987. Guava. p.356-363 In: Fruits of Warmer Climates. Accessed on September 8, 2013 from http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/guava.html
  25. MORTON, J. F. 1987. Santol. p.199-201 In: Fruits of Warmer Climates. Accessed on September 4, 2013 from http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/santol.html
  26. NAKASONE, H.Y., HAMILTON, R.A. and P.J. ITO. 1967. Evaluation of introduced cultivars of guavas. University of Hawaii Hawaii Farm Science 16:4-6.
  27. ONYEIKE, E. N. and G.N. ACHERU. 2002. Chemical composition of selected Nigerian oil seeds and physiochemical properties of oil extracts. Food Chemistry 77: 431-437.
  28. PATIL, A.G., PATIL, D.A., PHATAK, A.V. and N. CHANDRA. 2010. Physical and chemical characteristics of Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) fruit at three stages of maturity. International Journal of Applied Biology & Pharm Technology 1(2):624-629.
  29. PAULL, R.E. and O. DUARTE. 2012. Tropical Fruits. (Specify publisher) 2nd Ed. 2:123.
  30. PRITCHARD, J.L.R. 1991. Analysis and properties of oilseeds. In: Analysis of Oilseeds, Fats and Fatty Foods (Ed.): J.B. Rossell and J.L.R. Pritchard. Elsevier Applied Sciences, London, New York. 127:80-98.
  31. REYES, G. 2011. Batwan’s the best! In: Experience Negros Travel & Lifestyle. Accessed on July 26, 2013 from: http://www.experiencenegros.com/batwan-is-the-best/
  32. SETIAWAN, B., SULAEMAN, A., GIRAUD, D.W. and J.A. DRISKELL. 2001. Carotenoid content of selected Indonesian fruits. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 14:169-176.
  33. SUN, B., RICARDO-DA-SILVA, J.M. and I. SPRANGER. 1998. Critical factors of vanillin assay for catechin and proanthocyanidins. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 46 (10); 4267-427.
  34. TAJANLANGIT, E.F.J. 2011. “Garcinia binucao” In: The Good Life. Accessed on July 26, 2013 from: http://www.visayandailystar.com/2011/January/12/goodlife.htm
  35. VALENCIA, C. 2013. Palawan’s endemic fruits eyed for export. In: Philstar Business. Accessed on July 26, 2013 from: http://www.philstar.com/agriculture/2013/02/03/904088/palawans-endemic-fruits-eyed-export.
  36. VERHEIJ, E.W.M and R.E. CORONEL. 1999. Plant Resources of South-East Asia 2:Edible fruits and nuts. Third impression. Prosea Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. Prosea 2:337.
  37. VOĆA, S., DOBRIČEVIĆ, N., DRAGOVIĆ-UZELAC, V., DURALIJA, B., DRUŽIĆ, J., ČMELIK, Z. and M.S. BABOJELIĆ. 2008. Fruit quality of new early ripening strawberry cultivars in Croatia. Food Technology and Biotechnology 46: 292-298.
  38. WENKAM, NS. 1990. Foods of Hawaii and the Pacific Basin. Fruits and Fruit Products Raw, Processed and Prepared. Vol 4 Composition, Research Extension Series 110. College of Tropical Agricultural & Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
  39. YAP, S.K.L. 2011. Characterization and lipid profile of malunggay (Moringa oleifera Lamk) seed oil. Unpublished BSChem Thesis. University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic