Home⇛Annals of Tropical Research⇛vol. 17 no. 1&2 (1995)

Determination And Analysis Of Somatic Chromosome Numbers In Sweetpotato Cultivars, Related Ipomoea Species, And Interspecific Hybrids

Marilyn Z. Oracion

 

Abstract:

The somatic chromosome numbers (2n) in seven sweetpotato cultivars, four diploid (2x) Ipomoea species, tetraploid (4x) and hexaploid (6x)I trifida strains, and twenty selected hybrids between sweetpotato and 6x/. trifida were determined using a Feulgen-acetocarmine squash technique designed forlpomoea chromosomes. The data revealed that euploid counts of 2n=30, 60 and 90 were the modes for the 2x, 4x, and 6x Ipomoea, respectively. These counts coexisted with aneuploid cells having either less (hypoploid) or more (hyperploid) chromosomes than the euploid or modal counts. The hypoploid cells were majority among the aneuploid variants. The percentage frequency ratio of euploid to aneuploid cells were 60%:40% among diploids, 45%:55% among tetraploids, and 30%:70% and 34%:66% among the 6x I.trifida and sweetpotatoes, respectively. The wide hybrids exhibited extreme aneuploidy with 16%:84% euploid to aneuploid cell ratio. Two hybrids did not show cells with 2n=90. In general, the hybrids resembled the sweetpotato parents in having chromosome numbers closer to 6x or 90 whereas the 6x1. trifida and the 4x strains exhibited somatic counts encompassing the 2x, 4x and 6x counts. The results suggest that the prevailing cytogenetic system among thelpomoea is that of somatic euploidy-polyploidy combined with aneuploidy. Further, the amount of aneuploid cells appeared higher with taxa of higher ploidy and highest among the hybrids. The findings are discussed in relation to sweetpotato breeding, germplasm conservation and evolution of new phenotypes through vegetative propagation.



References:

  1. Annual Report of Sweet Potato Breeding. 1989. Sweet Potato Breeding Laboratory, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, MAFF, Japan. 22 pp.
  2. Annual Report of Sweet Potato Breeding. 1991. Sweet Potato Breeding Laboratory, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, MAAF, Japan. 27 pp.
  3. Annual Report of Sweet Potato Breeding. 1992. Sweet Potato Breeding Laboratory, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, MAAF, Japan. 27 pp.
  4. Annual Report of Sweet Potato Breeding. 1993. Sweet Potato Breeding Laboratory, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, MAAF, Japan. 29 pp.
  5. AUSTIN, D.F. 1977. Hybrid polyploids in Ipomoea section batatas. J. Heredity. 68:259-300.
  6. BAI, K.V. 1984. Pentaploids in sweet potato and their prospective role in sweet potato improvement. Proc. Sixth Symp. of Inter. Soc. for Trop. Root Crops, CIP, Lima, Peru, Feb. 21-26, 1983.
  7. CASTAÑARES, A.G. 1986. Somatic chromosome number and mitotic behavior in abaca (Musa textilis Nee), “agotay” (Musa sp.) and their F1 hybrid. Unpublished BS Thesis, Visayas State College of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte, Philippines. 40 pp.
  8. COLLINS, W.W. 1992. Practical applications of biotechnology for sweetpotato improvement. In W.A. Hill, C.K. Bonsi and P.A. Loretan (eds.). Sweetpotato Technology for the 21st century. Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA. 607 pp.
  9. EDMOND, J.B. and AMMERMAN, G.R. 1971. Sweet potatoes: Production, Processing, Marketing. AVI Pub. Co., Westport, Conn. Cited by Jones, A. (1980). In W.R. Fehr and H.H. Hadley (eds.). Hybridization of Crop Plants. Am: Soc. of Agron- Crop Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. p. 653.
  10. HALL, M.R., LABONTE, D.R. and BONSI, C.K. 1992. New techniques and conventional breeding of sweetpotato. In W.A. Hill, C.K. Bonsi and P.A. Loretan (eds.). Sweetpotato Technology for the 21st century. Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA. 607 pp.
  11. HERNANDEZ, T.P., HERNANDEZ, T. and MILLER, J.C. 1964. Frequency of somatic mutations in sweet potato varieties. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 85:430-433.
  12. IMPERIAL, C.B. 1967. Chromosome number of BC1 and BC2 Pacol x Abaca. Unpublished BS Thesis, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, College, Laguna. 14 pp.
  13. JONES, A. 1967. Should Nishiyama’s K123 (Ipomoea trifida) be designatedI. batatas? Econ. Bot. 21(2):163-166.
  14. JONES, A. 1968. Chromosome numbers in Ipomoea and related genera. J. Heredity 2:274-279.
  15. JONES, A. 1980. Sweet Potato. In W. R. Fehr and H. H. Hadley (eds.) Hybridization of Crop Plants. Am. Soc. of Agron-Crop Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, USA. p. 42-45.
  16. KING, J.R. and BAMFORD, R. 1937. The chromosome number in Ipomoea and related genera. J. Heredity 28:279-282.
  17. KRISHNAN, R. MAGOON, M.L. and VIJAYA BAI, K. 1969. The pachytene chromosome of Ipomoea crassicaulis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 39:274-279.
  18. KUKIMURA, H. 1986. Mutation breeding in root and tuber crops: A review. Gamma Field Sympo. No. 25, Inst. of Radia Breed, NIARMAFP, Japan. p. 109-127.
  19. KUKIMURA, H., KOMAKI, K. and YOSHINAGA, M. 1988. Current progress of sweetpotato breeding in Japan. Paper presented at the 8th Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops (ISTRC) in Bangkok, Thailand. 14 pp.
  20. MAGOON, M.L., KRISHNAN, R. and BAI, V.K. 1970. Cytological evidence on the origin of sweet potato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 40:360-366.
  21. MOOKERJEA, A. 1955. Cytology of different species of Aroids with a view to trace the basis of their evolution. Caryologia 7:221-291.
  22. NISHIYAMA, I. 1971. Evolution and domestication of sweet potato. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 84:377-387.
  23. NISHIYAMA, I., MIYAZAKI, T. and SAKAMOTO, S. 1975. Evolutionary autoploidy in the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and its progenitors. Euphy. 24:197-208.
  24. NISHIYAMA, I. and TERAMURA, T. 1962. Mexican wild forms of sweet potato. Econ. Bot. 16(4):305-318.
  25. ORACION, M.Z. 1985. Cytogenetics of Musa textilis Nee X Musa balbisiana Colla hybrids in the Philippines. Unpublished MS Thesis, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, College, Laguna. 161 pp.
  26. ORACION, M. Z. 1993. A technique for making preparations of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes from Ipomoea species and hybrids. Ann. Trop. Res. 15:31-36.
  27. ORACION, M.Z., NIWA, K. and SHIOTANI, I. 1990. Cytological analysis of tetraploid hybrids between sweet potato and diploidIpomoea trifida (H.B.K.) Don. Theor. Appl. Genet. 80:617-624.
  28. ORACION, M.Z. and SALADAGA, F.A. 1988. A preliminary study on inducing mutation in sweet potato using EMS combined with adventitious bud technique. Philipp. J. Crop Sci. 10:S11.
  29. ORACION, M.Z. and SALADAGA, F.A. 1988. Somatic chromosome number in Ipomoea species from the Philippines and Japan. Philipp. J. Crop Sci. 10:S11.
  30. ORACION, M.Z. and SHIOTANI, I. 1992. Cytology and fertility of sweetpotato x diploid Ipomoea trifida F, hybrids and their potential in analytic breeding of sweetpotato. In W.A. Hill, C.K. Bonsi and P.A. Loretan (eds.) Sweetpotato Technology for the 21st century. Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA. 607 pp.
  31. ORJEDA, G., FREYRE, R. and IWANAGA, M. 1990. Production of 2n pollen in diploid Ipomoea trifida, a putative wild ancestor of sweet potato. J. Heredity. 81:462-667.
  32. ORJEDA, G., IWANAGA, M., and FREYRE, R. 1992. Use of Ipomoea trifida germplasm for sweetpotato improvement. In W.A. Hill, C.K. Bonsi and P.A. Loretan (eds.). Sweetpotato Technology for the 21st century. Tuskegee University, Alabama, USA. 607 pp.
  33. SCHULZ-SCHAEFFER, S. 1980. Cytogenetics. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., USA. 446 pp.
  34. SHARMA, A.K. and BHATTACHARYA, G.N. 1966. A cytotaxonomic study on some taxa of Araceae. Genet. Iberica 18:237-263.
  35. SHARMA, A.K. and DAS, N.K. 1954. A study of karyotypes and their alteration in Aroids. Agron. Lusit. 16:23-48.
  36. SHIOTANI, I. and KAWASE, T. 1987. Synthetic hexaploids derived from wild species related to sweet potato. Japan J. Breed. 37:367-376.
  37. TING, Y.C. and KEHR, A.E. 1953. Meiotic studies in the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.). J. Heredity 44(5):207-211.
  38. YEN, D.E. 1976. Sweet potato. In N. W. Simmonds (ed.). Evolution of Crop Plants. Longman, London. p. 42-45.

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic