Home⇛Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal⇛vol. 43 no. 5 (2025)

Assessing the Influence of Affiliation Motivation and Metacognitive Skills on the Linguistic Competence of BSED-English Students

Arcymae Lumawag | Jayson Permangil

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study examined the influence of affiliation motivation and metacognitive skills on the linguistic competence of BSED-English students at Kapalong College of Agriculture, Sciences, and Technology. Using a quantitative descriptive-multiple regression design, data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Findings revealed that while students exhibited high affiliation motivation and metacognitive skills, their linguistic competence remained at a moderate level. Overall, affiliation motivation did not significantly correlate with linguistic competence, but the positive stimulation domain showed a strong positive relationship, emphasizing its role in language learning. Likewise, metacognitive skills, in general, had no significant impact, but the decision-making skills domain displayed a strong positive correlation, which highlights its importance in language proficiency. The study concluded that while general affiliation motivation and metacognitive skills do not directly impact linguistic competence, specific domains like positive stimulation and decision-making skills are crucial. These findings suggest the need for instructional strategies that foster engaging and stimulating learning environments, as well as activities that enhance students' decision-making abilities, to improve their language learning experiences.



References:

  1. Abang, R., & Paglinawan, J. (2024). Instructional Practices and Metacognitive Ability on the Language Competence of Junior High School Students. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 07(11), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2024.71120
  2. Alexander, P. A. (2023). Creating a Motivating Learning Environment. In Oxford University Press eBooks (pp. 296–304). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197662359.003.0050
  3. Alian, E. M. (2019). Reflective Thinking Strategies For Developing Efl Literary Reading Skills And Metacognitive Reading Awareness. Language Literacy Journal of Linguistics Literature and Language Teaching, 3(2), 162–177. https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v3i2.1867
  4. Alkhrisheh, H. T. D., Failasofah, F., & Alkhrisheh, T. (2021). The Interrelationship among Language Use, Linguistic Competence, and Higher Order Skills. Indonesian Research Journal in Education |IRJE|, 5(1), 6–22. https://doi.org/10.22437/irje.v5i1.11333
  5. Al-Malki, E. a. A., Al-Harthi, A. a. A., Javid, C. Z., Farooq, M. U., & Algethami, G. F. (2022). Comparative determination of communicative competence of Saudi students of English for Tourism and Hospitality (SSETH) to develop ESP course content. International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research, 21(4), 46–62. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.4.3
  6. Alzahrani, M., Alharbi, M., & Alodwani, A. (2019). The effect of Social-Emotional competence on children academic achievement and behavioral development. International Education Studies, 12(12), 141. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n12p141
  7. Anita, N., Syam, N. U. K., & Hamid, N. S. M. (2022). THE IMPLEMENTATION OF READ, ANSWER, DISCUSS, EXPLAIN, AND CREATE (RADEC) LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING ABILITY AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMA PESANTREN PUTRI YATAMA MANDIRI. English Language Teaching Methodology, 2(2), 87–91. https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v2i2.3
  8. Ardiya, W. S. (2021). Using hypnoteaching method to enhance students’ motivation in learning English. Psychology and Education Journal, 58(2), 912–917. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.2026
  9. As, I. S. (2023). A CORRELATION BETWEEN LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE AND SPEAKING PERFORMANCE OF THE INTERMEDIATE STUDENTS’. Esteem Journal of English Education Study Programme, 6(2), 397–345. https://doi.org/10.31851/esteem.v6i2.12336
  10. Asiri, M. S. (2023). Potential benefits of enhance motivation on English language learners’ performance. Arab World English Journal, 294, 1–45. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/th.294
  11. Baik, S. M., Byon, E., & Ko, Y. M. (2023, June 15). Distributionally Robust Stratified Sampling for Stochastic Simulations with Multiple Uncertain Input Models. arXiv.org. https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.09020
  12. Barbashina, E. (2022). Critical thinking in the system of higher education abroad. Ideas and Ideals, 14(4–1), 120–136. https://doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.4.1-120-136
  13. Benkhettou, I., & Khetib, Z. (2023). Alternative Evaluation Like Modern Direction Of Evaluation Into Aprroach Comptencies Lectuer Conceptual Analytic. International Journal of Humanities and Educational Research, 05(04), 225–241. https://doi.org/10.47832/2757-5403.21.14
  14. Boissicat, N., Pansu, P., & Bouffard, T. (2020). Does classroom social comparison bias students’ evaluation of their own competence? Social Psychology of Education, 23(5), 1303–1326. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-020-09582-y
  15. Burns, A., & Siegel, J. (2022). Teaching listening. In Routledge eBooks (pp. 225–237) . https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003106609-19
  16. Caliskan, F., Idug, Y., Uvet, H., Gligor, N., & Kayaalp, A. (2024). Social comparison theory: A review and future directions. Psychology and Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.22087
  17. CambodianEducationForum. (2024, February 20). Benefits of reading and how to promote reading habits among Cambodians. Cambodian Education Forum. https://cefcambodia.com/2023/10/06/benefits-of-reading-and-how-to-promote-reading-habits-among-cambodians/
  18. Cerna, M. G. B. D., & Baguio, J. B. (2024). Classroom Structure Strategies of Teachers and Language Communication Hitches of Students in Public Secondary Schools. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 50(8), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2024/v50i81520
  19. Cheruvalath, R., Manalo, E., & Ayabe, H. (2024). The role of rationales for and criticisms of ethical decisions in the development of meta-moral cognitive skills. Ethics & Behavior, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2024.2332915
  20. Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0616323.pdf
  21. Dawson, L. (2023). The Desire for Recognition. In The Desire for Recognition. In: A Business Leader’s Guide to Philosophy (pp. 75–89). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33042-1_11
  22. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01
  23. Devi, B., Lepcha, N., & Basnet, S. (2023). APPLICATION OF CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH DESIGN IN NURSING AND MEDICAL RESEARCH. ResearchGate. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YRZ68
  24. Dewi, P., Nasution, T. A., Ahmad, W., & Nasution, F. (2023). Keterampilan Berpikir sebagai Bagian dari Proses Kognitif Kompleks Siswa. Jurnal Dirosah Islamiyah, 5(2), 544–552. https://doi.org/10.47467/jdi.v5i2.3072
  25. Fadika, U., & Ritunga, I. (2022). Hubungan dukungan emosional orang tua terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Ciputra. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Palangka Raya, 10(1), 33–36. https://doi.org/10.37304/jkupr.v10i1.4330
  26. Flavell, J. (1971). Theories of Learning in Educational Psychology. https://www.demenzemedicinagenerale.net/images/menssana/Theories_of_Learning_in_Educational_Psychology.pdf
  27. Furneaux, C. (2022). Materials for developing writing skills. In Routledge eBooks (pp. 244–260). https://doi.org/10.4324/b22783-21
  28. Garcia, S. M., Reese, Z. A., & Tor, A. (2019b). Social Comparison Before, During, and After the Competition. In Oxford University Press eBooks (pp. 105–142). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190629113.003.0005
  29. Ghapanchi, Z., & Taheryan, A. (2020). Roles of linguistic knowledge, metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive strategy use in speaking and listening proficiency of Iranian EFL learners. World Journal of Education, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v2n4p64
  30. Gómez, J. A., Brown, J. L., & Downer, J. T. (2023). High quality implementation of 4Rs + MTP increases classroom emotional support and reduces absenteeism. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1065749
  31. Harrison, J., & Rodriguez, C. (2023). Role of Motivation in English language learning: An evaluation of the correlation between student motivation and proficiency in English. Deleted Journal, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.62583/rseltl.v1i3.19
  32. Herawati, S. (2024). The Imperative Need for writing Skills and Competence in English for Vocational Learners: A Comprehensive literature review. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal, 5(3), 3467–3476. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v5i3.1120
  33. Herawati, S. (2024). The Imperative Need for Writing Skills and Competence in English for Vocational Learners: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal, 5(3), 3467–3476. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v5i3.1120
  34. Hill, C. A. (1987). Affiliation motivation: People who need people. . . but in different ways. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(5), 1008–1018. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.5.1008
  35. Hörnqvist, M. (2023). Recognition of struggle: Transcending the oppressive dynamics of desire. Constellations. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12711
  36. International Journal of Pedagogics. (2022). International Journal of Pedagogics. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp
  37. Irwandi, I., Hudri, M., & Apriana, D. (2022). ESL Students’ Learning Strategies for the Improvement of their Language Skills. Linguistics and Elt Journal, 10(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.31764/leltj.v10i1.10986
  38. Jk, S., Eme, C., & Pk, M. (2023, November 25). Influence of Student Council Decision-Making Skills on the management of discipline in secondary Schools in Mbeere South Sub-County, Embu County, Kenya. https://pearlresearchjournals.org/journals/rjesr/archive/2023/Nov/Abstract/Simba%20et%20al.html
  39. Jumariati, J., Asrimawati, I. F., Mulya, J. N., & Taka, D. D. L. (2024). Measuring Critical Thinking Skills through Performance Assessment: The Profile of EFL Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. JEES (Journal of English Educators Society), 9(1). https://doi.org/10.21070/jees.v9i1.1791
  40. Kastrati, S. (2013). Student Self-Evaluation in Albanian Language. Journal of Educational and Social Research. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2013.v3n7p431
  41. Kate, Sato., Birte, Horne. (2020). 10. Cultivating students’ communication skills for the global workplace: a cross-cultural online exchange project with non-native speakers. doi: 10.20472/TE.2020.8.1.005
  42. Kupchyshyna, Y. (2023). ECHO-REPETITION AS a METHOD OF LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE. Current Issues of Linguistics and Translation Studies, 27, 61–64. https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2023-27-12
  43. Magvira, Yuliani. (2023). 2. Hubungan Motivasi Mahasiswa dan Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Peningkatan Prestasi. MUKASI Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, doi: 10.54259/mukasi. v2i1.1317
  44. Mahmood, M. A. (2022). The Roleof Reading in Enhancing EFLLearners’ LanguageProficiency. QALAAI ZANISTSCIENTIFIC JOURNAL, 7(4). https://doi.org/10.25212/lfu.qzj.7.4.49
  45. Maluleke, L., & Powell, L. (2023). Youth Career Decision-making: The influence of Horizon for Action and Navigational capacity. In Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks (pp. 81–95). https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83753-408-120231006
  46. Maya, L., Dewanti, R., & Suseno, M. (2023). AN ANALYSIS OF THE LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE OF MORPHOLOGY TEACHING ON YOUTUBE VIDEO SERIES. Lingua Scientia Jurnal Bahasa, 15(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.21274/ls.2023.15.1.1-19
  47. Melnikova, E. P. (2017). Linguistic competence as one of aspects of Well-Being in modern society. the European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.07.02.83
  48. Mohan, P. (2023). Understanding comprehension. In Routledge eBooks (pp. 130–141). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003387442-9
  49. Moore, B., & Gregory, R. (2024). Decision making as a pedagogy for social emotional learning. Social and Emotional Learning Research Practice and Policy, 3, 100034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sel.2024.100034
  50. Mushaathoni, M. (2022). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTIVATION AND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH FOUNDATION PROGRAMME STUDENTS AT a SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY. INTED Proceedings, 1, 1246. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2022.0377
  51. Mylnikov, S. V. (2024). Regression analysis. At the three-route crossroad. Science Editor and Publisher, 9(1), 2-2S71. https://doi.org/10.24069/sep-24-19
  52. Nasution, N. J. S., Sembiring, N. a. B., Sukma, N. D. P., & Juliani, N. S. F. (2024). Evaluasi Pembelajaran Menulis di Kelas Tinggi. Jurnal Nakula Pusat Ilmu Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(4), 288–294. https://doi.org/10.61132/nakula.v2i4.993
  53. Nešić, I., & Hamidovic, K. (2022). DEVELOPING A SCALE FOR ASSESSING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS LEARNING ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES. Journal of Teaching English for Specific and Academic Purposes, 481. https://doi.org/10.22190/jtesap2203481n
  54. Nurhidayah, M. I., & Wirza, Y. (2024). Reflective practice in the teaching practicum program: Pre-service English teachers’ reflections. Journal of Applied Studies in Language, 8(1), 11–19. https://doi.org/10.31940/jasl.v8i1.11-19
  55. Özçakmak, H., Köroglu, M., Korkmaz, C., & Bolat, Y. (2021). The Effect of Metacognitive Awareness on Academic Success. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1297101
  56. Panganoron-Jabonete, N. N. (2022). Instructional strategies and integration of critical thinking skills of preservice English teachers. Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 4(3), 114–119. https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2022.4.3.10
  57. Poeller, S., Seel, S., Baumann, N., & Mandryk, R. L. (2021). Seek what you need. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 5(CHI PLAY), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3474715
  58. Qeshta, H. H. H. (2022). Linguistic Communication and its role in developing language skills “Listening Skill as a model.” Al-Dad Journal, 6(2), 55–74. https://doi.org/10.22452/aldad.vol6no2.5
  59. Rivas, S. F., Saiz, C., & Ossa, C. (2022). Metacognitive Strategies and Development of Critical Thinking in Higher Education. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913219
  60. Roza, D., & Anita, F. (2024). Assessing students’ speaking using the theory of linguistic competence. EDUKATIF JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN, 6(4), 3325–3337. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v6i4.7334
  61. Rubtsova, S. (2021). LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE AS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF TEACHING ACTIVE METHODS IN READING. International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, 1(29). https://doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijitss/30032021/7452
  62. Saccardi, I., & Masthoff, J. (2023). Adapting emotional support in teams: Emotional stability and productivity. Adjunct Proceedings of the 31st ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1145/3563359.3597385
  63. Saccardi, I., & Masthoff, J. (2023). Adapting Emotional Support in Teams: Emotional Stability and Productivity. ACM Digital Library, 253–265. https://doi.org/10.1145/3563359.3597385
  64. Saienko, N., Ptushka, A., Baibekova, L., Ilienko, O., & Bogdan, Z. (2024). INCREASING FUTURE ENGINEERS’ MOTIVATION FOR ACQUIRING ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE. SOCIETY INTEGRATION EDUCATION Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference, 1, 228–238. https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2024vol1.7889
  65. Sakamoto, F., & Roger, P. (2022). Global competence and foreign language education in Japan. Journal of Studies in International Education, 27(5), 719–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/10283153221076905
  66. Saptiany, N. S. G., & Prabowo, N. B. A. (2024). Speaking proficiency among English Specific purpose students: A Literature review on assessment and Pedagogical Approaches. LITERACY International Scientific Journals of Social Education Humanities, 3(1), 36–48. https://doi.org/10.56910/literacy.v3i1.1392
  67. Sari, Y., Swastika, A., & Tanyono, D. (2025). Students mathematical reflective thinking ability in solving higher Order Thinking skills (HOTS) type problems as seen from cognitive style. Jurnal Dimensi Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 13(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.24269/dpp.v13i1.10599
  68. Saufianim, Izni, N. A., Mahmood, N. A., Tajuddin, N. I. I., Zainuddin, N., & Rahmat, N. H. (2023, August 15). Affiliation, achievement and power in learning motivation: how do they relate? https://hrmars.com/index.php/IJARBSS/article/view/17742/Affiliation-Achievement-and-Power-in-Learning-Motivation-How-Do-They-Relate
  69. Schiavon, C. C., Teixeira, L. P., Gurgel, L. G., Magalhães, C. R., & Reppold, C. T. (2020). Positive Education: Innovation in Educational Interventions Based on Positive Psychology. Psicologia Teoria E Pesquisa, 36. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3632
  70. Shen, H., Ye, X., Zhang, J., & Huang, D. (2024). Investigating the role of perceived emotional support in predicting learners’ well-being and engagement mediated by motivation from a self-determination theory framework. Learning and Motivation, 86, 101968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2024.101968
  71. Sreekumar, D. (2024, July 14). What is Quantitative Research? Definition, Methods, Types, and Examples | Researcher.Life. https://researcher.life/blog/article/what-is-quantitative-research-types-and-examples/
  72. Sumanto, O. B. T., & Saharani, A. A. (2023). The EFL Students’ Perspective of Their Speaking Competence and Self-Confidence: A Qualitative study. Deleted Journal, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.30762/ijomer.v1i1.1120
  73. Tawfiq, H. H., & Abdelshafie, A. A. (2021). Linguistic Impediments of Communicative Proficiency: A case study of students in the CSHS, Shaqra University, Thadiq, KSA. English Language Teaching, 14(11), 61. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n11p61
  74. Teng, M. F., & Zhang, L. J. (2021). Development of children’s metacognitive knowledge, reading, and writing in English as a foreign language: Evidence from longitudinal data using multilevel models. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 91(4), 1202–1230. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12413
  75. Tezer, M. (2024). Cognition and Metacognition in Education. In IntechOpen eBooks. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114857
  76. Tezer, M. (2024b). Cognition and Metacognition in Education. In IntechOpen eBooks. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114857
  77. Tipprachaban, B. (2022). CHALLENGES OF USING ENGLISH AS a MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION (EMI) IN THAILAND. PUPIL International Journal of Teaching Education and Learning, 6(2), 01–12. https://doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2022.62.0112
  78. Trisusana, A., Susanti, A., Sueb, S., & Sumarniningsih, S. (2024). Pre-service EFL teachers’ reflective thinking skills in their instructional practices. New Language Dimensions, 4(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.26740/nld.v4n2.p139-152
  79. Tuncer, M., & Kaysi, F. (2013). The Development of the Metacognitive Thinking Skills Scale. International Journal of Learning and Development, 3(2), 70. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v3i2.3449
  80. Tytarenko, O., Borysova, T., Tytarenko, V., Tsyna, A., Tytarenko, V., Sribna, Y., & Vazhenina, I. (2024). Forming positive motivation of higher education students for research activities. Cadernos De Educação Tecnologia E Sociedade, 17(se1), 125–136. https://doi.org/10.14571/brajets.v17.nse1.125-136
  81. Valiña, L. G. (2023). Algorithmic futures – between the end of work and the desire for recognition. Journal of Science Humanities and Arts - JOSHA, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.17160/josha.10.3.903
  82. Vansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Soenens, B., & Matos, L. (2005b). Examining the Motivational Impact of Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Framing and Autonomy‐Supportive Versus Internally Controlling Communication Style on Early Adolescents’ Academic Achievement. Child Development, 76(2), 483–501. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00858.x
  83. Vu, T., Magis-Weinberg, L., Jansen, B. R. J., Van Atteveldt, N., Janssen, T. W. P., Lee, N. C., Van Der Maas, H. L. J., Raijmakers, M. E. J., Sachisthal, M. S. M., & Meeter, M. (2021). Motivation-Achievement Cycles in Learning: a Literature Review and Research Agenda. Educational Psychology Review, 34(1), 39–71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09616-7
  84. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjf9vz4
  85. Wang, Y., Xu, Z., Lou, J., & Chen, K. (2023). Factors influencing the complex problem-solving skills in reflective learning: results from partial least square structural equation modeling and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis. BMC Medical Education, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04326-w
  86. Warin, J., & Muldoon, J. (2008). Wanting to be ‘known’: Redefining self‐awareness through an understanding of self‐narration processes in educational transitions. British Educational Research Journal, 35(2), 289–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920802043000
  87. Willits, F. K., Theodori, G. L., & Luloff, A. E. (2016). Another look at Likert scales. eGrove. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/jrss/vol31/iss3/6
  88. Xakimova, M. (2024). DEVELOPMENT OF LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS. Volume04Issue01-202449International Journal of Pedagogics, 04(01–2024), 49. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijp/Volumeo4lssue01-10
  89. Zajda, J. (2021). Creating effective learning environments in schools globally. In Globalisation, comparative education and policy research (pp. 1–15). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71575-5_1
  90. Zheng, F. (2022). Fostering Students’ Well-Being: The mediating role of teacher interpersonal behavior and Student-Teacher Relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.796728
  91. Zimmerman, B. J. (2015). Self-Regulated Learning: Theories, measures, and outcomes. In Elsevier eBooks (pp. 541–546). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.26060-1

Tools


Copyright © 2025  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic