Home⇛The PCMC Journal⇛vol. 11 no. 1 (2015)

Experimental Study of Chitosan — Polyvinyl Pyrolidone (PVP) Copolymer Bioimplant in the Submucosa of Dog's Bladder

Carlo C. Bisnar | Dony P. Santiago | Marianne Leila S. Flores | David U. Bolong

Discipline: medicine by specialism

 

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and stability of radiation synthesized Chitosan - Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) copolymer injected in the submucosa of dog's bladder as tissue augmenting implant for possible use in endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux. METHODOLOGY: Six adult female mongrel dogs received 2 submucosal intravesical injections of 0.4 ml chitosan-PVP implant each. The volume (length x width x height) of the nodule containing the implant was measured initially during implantation. Three dogs underwent necropsy after 4 months and the remaining three dogs were also sacrificed after 6 months. The volume of subcutaneous nodule formed by the implants or pseudocysts was measured during necropsy. Local inflammatory reaction in the bladder, pseudocyst formation, and migration potential in the liver, kidneys, lungs, and brain were histologically examined. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between pre and post measurements of pseudocyst volumes. However, the volumes did decrease in the post observations. For the dogs sacrificed at 4 months, none of the differences were found to be significant. For the dogs sacrificed at 6 months, there was a significant decrease in volume of the leftimplants only. Gross examination of the implanted sites within the bladder after 4 and 6 months showed no erythema, abscess formation nor tissue necrosis. Five of the six dogs retained two pseudocysts within the bladder while one dog retained only the right pseudocyst in the bladder at 4 months. There was mild lymphocytic infiltration in 4 out of 5 pseudocysts on all three dogs after 4 months. For the dogs which underwent necropsy after 6 months, only 2 out of 6 pseudocysts had inflammatory reaction — 1 severe and 1 moderate reaction. Histological studies of the brain and lungs did not show any inflammation, irritation, foreign body responses, tissue necrosis or scarring. No trace of the copolymer implant was seen in all organs including the liver and kidneys. CONCLUSION: The Chitosan - PVP copolymer implant is a good tissue-augmenting implant with stability, biocompatibility, and non-migration with minimal local inflammatory response.



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