Home⇛JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research Journal⇛vol. 57 no. 3 (2024)

Examining Teachers’ Perspectives on the New Changes to the Promotion System of the Department of Education: Basis for Career Path Orientation Program

Arvie Joy Osman | Lito Adanza

Discipline: education and teaching

 

Abstract:

Effective promotion systems recognize and reward teachers’ dedication, incentivizing professional development and career progression. This study investigated the experiences and understanding of public elementary teachers in selected divisions in Region XII, Philippines, regarding the previous and new changes to the Department of Education’s promotion system. An explanatory sequential mixedmethods approach was used, combining quantitative surveys followed by qualitative interviews. Findings revealed that teachers generally understand both systems, emphasizing performance rating, experience, and education. Improvement areas include a clearer assessment of potential and more training in the previous system while the new system needs smoother implementation and needs to address concerns about workload and transparency. Qualitative analysis identified key themes related to teacher experiences such as promotion types, criteria, self-directed learning, and equity and concerns regarding the new changes such as understanding, system acceptance, workload, and transparency. This study underscores the importance of addressing teachers’ understanding and experiences when implementing changes. Effective communication and clear information are crucial for morale and development. A well-designed promotion system prioritizing meritocracy, equity, and teacher well-being can enhance the teaching force and elevate education standards in Region XII. The research provides insights for DepEd policymakers to refine the promotion system and develop a Career Path Orientation Program (CPOP) responsive to teachers’ needs and aspirations.



References:

  1. Avidov-Ungar, O., & Arviv-Elyashiv, R. (2018). Teacher perceptions of empowerment and promotion during reforms. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(1), 155-170.
  2. Blignaut, S. (2007). The policy-practice dichotomy: Can we straddle the divide?. Perspectives in Education, 25(4), 49-61.
  3. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative research in sport, exercise and health, 11(4), 589-597.
  4. Callahan, E. J. (2020). Introduction to transparency in the academic appointment and promotion processes. Succeeding in academic medicine: A roadmap for diverse medical students and residents, 25-38.
  5. Civil Service Commission. (2018). Competency-Based Recruitment and Qualifications Standards. https://www.csc.gov.ph/programs/competency-based-recruitment-and-qualifications-standards
  6. Creswell, J. W. (2021). A concise introduction to mixed methods research. SAGE publications.
  7. Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage publications.
  8. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  9. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  10. Cruz, M. (2018, August 25). House to probe DepEd on promotion of teachers. Manila Standard. https://manilastandard.net/mobile/article/273943
  11. Darling-Hammond, L. (2009). Recognizing and enhancing teacher effectiveness. The International Journal of Educational and Psychological Assessment, 3(1).
  12. De Vos, A., Dewettinck, K., & Buyens, D. (2009). The professional career on the right track: A study on the interaction between career self-management and organizational career management in explaining employee outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 18(1), 55-80.
  13. Department of Education Order No. 66, s. 2007 Enclosure. Guidelines on the Appointment and Promotion of Other Teaching, related teaching and non-teaching positions.
  14. Department of Education. (2002). DO 29, S. 2002 – MERIT SELECTION PLAN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2002/07/22/do-29-s-2002-merit-selection-plan-of-the-department-of-education/
  15. Department of Education. (2023). Enclosure no. 4. Criteria and Point System for hiring and Promotion to Related-Teaching Positions. DO_s2023_007.pdf (deped.gov.ph)
  16. European Commission. (2013). Supporting teacher competence development for better learning outcomes. European Commission.
  17. Executive Order 174. (2022). Institutionalizing the Standardized Promotion System for Teachers in the Department of Education. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines, 118(5), 1-5. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2022/06/23/executive-order-no-174-s-2022/
  18. García-Izquierdo, M., & Ríos-Rísquez, M. I. (2012). The relationship between psychosocial job stress and burnout in emergency departments: An exploratory study. Nursing outlook, 60(5), 322-329.
  19. Jomuad, P. D., Antiquina, L. M. M., Cericos, E. U., Bacus, J. A., Vallejo, J. H., Dionio, B. B., ... & Clarin, A. S. (2021). Teachers’ workload in relation to burnout and work performance. International journal of educational policy research and review.
  20. Lewis, L. K., & Seibold, D. R. (2012). Reconceptualizing organizational change implementation as a communication problem: A review of literature and research agenda. Communication yearbook 21, 93-151.
  21. Leyne, M. (2019). The Teachers’ Adherence to Deped’s Promotion Criteria, their Job Satisfaction and Productivity: An Assessment. Ascendens Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Abstracts, 3(2K).
  22. Mbokazi, M. S., Mkhasibe, R. G., & Ajani, O. A. (2022). Evaluating the Promotion Requirements for the Appointment of Office-Based Educators in the Department of Basic Education in South Africa. International Journal of Higher Education, 11(2), 181-191.
  23. Phelan, S. E., & Lin, Z. (2001). Promotion systems and organizational performance: A contingency model. Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 7(3), 207-232.
  24. Republic Act No. 11476. (2020). Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) Act. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2020/07/02/republic-act-no-11476/
  25. Republic Act No. 4670. (1966). Magna Carta for Public School Teachers. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1966/06/18/republic-act-no-4670/
  26. Rezayan, A., Marzban, E., Rezayan, A. H., & Marzban, M. (2022). Structural analysis of key factors and identification of driving forces of future faculty promotion regulations in Iran’s higher education over horizon 2035. Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities, 14(3), 123-155.
  27. Simon, K. (2019). Inquiry: A pedagogy for personal empowerment, collaboration, and democracy. East Carolina University.
  28. Snyder, R. R. (2017). Resistance to Change among Veteran Teachers: Providing Voice for More Effective Engagement. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 12(1), n1.
  29. Tanaomi, M. M., & Asaadi, R. R. (2017). A Comparative Study of Faculty Members’ Career Advancement (Promotion) Systems in the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran:” Case Analysis of the University of Tehran and Portland State University”. International Journal of Higher Education, 6(4), 111-121.
  30. Tarraya, H. O. (2023). Teachers’ Workload Policy: Its Impact on Philippine Public School Teachers (Public Policy Analysis and Review). Online Submission.
  31. TeacherPh. (n.d.). Updated DepEd Promotion and Reclassification Guidelines. https://www.teacherph.com/deped-promotion-reclassification-guidelines/
  32. Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2011). Mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4(1), 285-300.
  33. Widiani, K. S. A., & Wayan, G. S. (2020). The influence of job experience, job performance, and employee loyalty on job promotion. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 4(12), 113-118.
  34. Wong, P. M., & Wong, C. S. (2005). Promotion criteria and satisfaction of school teachers in Hong Kong. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 33(4), 423-447.

Tools


Copyright © 2026  KITE Digital Educational Solutions |  Exclusively distributed by CE-Logic