Home⇛LPU-St. Cabrini Journal of Allied Medicine⇛vol. 6 no. 1 (2024)

Antibacterial Activity of Plectranthus scutellarioides (Mayana) Crude Leaf Extract Against Proteus mirabilis

Maria Shaira Caguicla | Maria Jessica Castillo | Keziah Clarisse Fuertes | Carmelyn Perez | Allia Mae Velasco

Discipline: microbiology and cell science

 

Abstract:

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical global health threat, driving the search for alternative antibacterial agents from natural sources. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of Plectranthus scutellarioides (Mayana) crude leaf extract against Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly implicated in urinary tract infections. An experimental design utilizing the disk diffusion (Kirby–Bauer) method was employed. The extract was tested at concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, with amikacin (broad-spectrum) and aztreonam (narrow spectrum) serving as positive controls, and distilled water as the negative control. Results showed that amikacin and aztreonam exhibited mean zones of inhibition of 21.2 mm and 41 mm, respectively, both classified as susceptible based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. In contrast, all concentrations of the Mayana extract demonstrated minimal inhibition (6–7 mm), indicating resistance. One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference among extract concentrations (p = 0.1658), while a significant difference was observed between the extract and commercial antibiotics (p < 0.001). Phytochemical screening identified the presence of terpenoids and saponins but absence of flavonoids, which may explain the lack of efficacy against P. mirabilis. In conclusion, Plectranthus scutellarioides crude leaf extract exhibited no significant antibacterial activity against P. mirabilis and is not comparable to standard antibiotics. These findings highlight the importance of phytochemical composition in antimicrobial efficacy and underscore the need for further investigation using advanced analytical methods and alternative extraction approaches.



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