Discipline: Education
With the promulgation of the new Philippine Constitution in 1973, the Chinese schools in the Philippines have been finally transformed into Filipino schools after 74 years of existence. From the start, the Chinese schools have operated as "public schools" for the Chinese community, with funds raised from the Chinese merchants in the form of taxes and, later, of voluntary contribution. Tuition fees have always been minimal, and scholarships were granted to the economically disadvantaged.