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Mara, Tara, and Vhaya: Case Studies on Batangueña E-trepreneurship Using Pierre Bourdieu’s Modified Theory of Capitals

Analiza D. Resurreccion | Feorillo Petronilo Demeterio Iii

 

Abstract:

Matatagumpay na e-trepreneurs sina Mara Jessa Adarlo, Tara Denisse Cleofe-Gutierrez at Genevieve “Vhaya” Gabilan-De Veyra sa probinsiya ng Batangas, Pilipinas. Si Pierre Bourdieu ay isang post-Marxistang pilosopong Pranses na nagmungkahing ang kapital ni Marx ay hindi sapat na dalumatin lamang bilang pinansiyal na kapital. Sa halip, naghain si Bourdieu ng apat na uri ng kapital: ang pang-ekonomiko, kultural, panlipunan, at simbolikong kapital. Pinagpasyahan ng mga may-akda na idagdag sa apat na ito ang emosyonal na kapital dahil sa konteksto ng araling Pilipino, mahalagang salik ang lakas ng loob at mga pinaghuhugutan ng inspirasyon bilang ilan sa mga pundasyon ng tagumpay. Gamit ang metodo ng case study, sinuri ng papel na ito kung paano hinubog ng limang kapital ang bawat e-terprise ng nasabing tatlong Batangueña, at kung paano naman binago ng kani-kanilang e-terprise ang kani-kanilang limang kapital. Lumabas sa pagsusuri na ang kultural at simbolikong mga kapital ang dalawang pinakamahalagang pundasyon ng kanilang e-trepreneurship, habang ang pangekonomiko at kultural na mga kapital naman ang dalawang pinakabinago ng kanilang e-trepreneurship. Ang kaalamang nakalap ng papel na ito ay mahalaga bilang inisyal na hakbang para unawain ang anyo ng Batangueñang e-trepreneurship, ng Pilipinang e-trepreneurship, at pati na ng e-trepreneurship sa Pilipinas. May teoretikal na kontribusyon din ang papel na ito sa puntong sinubukan nitong maglahad ng modipikasyon sa tanyag nang teorya ng mga kapital ni Bourdieu. Mga Susing Salita: Emosyonal na Kapital, E-trepreneuship, E-trepreneurship sa Pilipinas, Kultural na Kapital, Mga Pilipinang E-trepreneur, Pang-ekonomikong Kapital, Panlipunang Kapital, Pierre Bourdieu, Simbolikong Kapital Mara Jessa Adarlo, Tara Denisse Cleofe-Gutierrez, and Genevieve “Vhaya” Gabilan-De Veyra are successful e-trepreneurs in the province of Batangas, Philippines. Pierre Bourdieu is a post-Marxist French philosopher who argued that the capital of Marx is not adequate if it continues to be conceptualized as financial capital only. Consequently, Bourdieu proffered four types of capital: economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capital. The authors of this paper deemed it appropriate to add to these four capitals a fifth one, emotional capital, because in the context of Philippine studies, inner strength and sources of inspiration are important factors as bases of success. Using the method of case study, this paper explored how these five capitals of these three Batangueña shaped their respective e-terprises, and how their e-terprises in return modified their five capitals. The results of this study showed that cultural and symbolic capitals are the two most important foundations of their e-trepreneurship, while economic and cultural capitals are the two capitals that were most modified by their e-trepreneurship. The knowledge gleaned by this paper is important as an initial step in understanding the nature of Batangueña e-trepreneurship, Filipina e-trepreneurship, and even e-trepreneurship in the Philippines. This paper also has a theoretical contribution in the sense that it attempts to introduce a modification on Bourdieu’s famous theory of capitals.