HomePsychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journalvol. 15 no. 8 (2023)

CHALLENGES OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE MOTHERS IN TEACHING NON-INDIGENOUS PEOPLE LANGUAGES TO THEIR CHILDREN: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY

Aileen Villocino-Cagas

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

Language is a system that brings people together. It is the soul of culture that builds up the community and unites individuals from one place to another. Without this, there will never be a system of rich social interaction. It is considered as a risk when one do not know how to communicate with others using language that is common and understandable to all. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges of IP mothers in teaching non IP languages to their children. This study utilized the multiple case study approach in which examination of processes and outcomes across many cases and the identification of how individual cases might be affected by different environments was made. Some IP mothers are exposed to situations like lying helpless in teaching their children the language including home life and social interactions. The reality is that some of the needs of learners, specifically language problems, are not catered in school and most programs require engagement beyond school including the cooperation among parents, teachers and the entire community. As a result, it was found out that they came up with their own measures. This study reveals the reasons of teaching children non-IP languages, difficulties in teaching children the new language, help provided to overcome discrimination, manner of teaching non IP language, help from other people, and assistance to IP mothers in teaching non IP languages, effective motivations to learn non IP languages, preparing children cope with language challenges. Moreover, a comprehensive intervention plan that involves all students, parents and school staff is required to ensure that all students can learn in a safe and friendly environment.



References:

  1. Admin, (2015). Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines Copyright 2015. Lifestyle ThemeOn Genesis Framework. Word Press.
  2. Bajramia, Lumturie (2015). Teacher’s New Role in Language and in Promoting
  3. Burton, Lisa Ann, 2013. Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education in the Philippines:Studying Top-Down Policy Implementation from the Bottom Up Bigornia, M. 2015. The Mandaya People
  4. Carino, JK (2012). Country Technical Notes on Indigenous People’s Issues: Republic ofthe Philippines. International Fund for Agricultural Development. www.Ifad.org/english/indigenous/pub/documents/tnotes/Philippines.pdf.
  5. Carlson, M.,Rabo, A. and Gök, F., Education in ‘Multicultural’ SocietiesTurkish andSwedish Perspectives, eds. Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, Transactions, vol. 18 (Stockholm2007), pp. 71-90.
  6. Clariza, Elena 2005. The Concept of Power Among the Lumad: Mindanao’s LargestIndigenous Community. History 656 Professor Vina Lanzona May 12, 2005
  7. Cole,F. C. (2013). The Wild Tribe of Davao District, Mindanao. Field Museum of NaturalHistory Publication, 170, Anthropological Series, Vo. XII, No. 2, Chicago
  8. Dam, L. (1995). Learner autonomy 3 - From theory to classrom practice. (D. Little, Ed.)Dekker, Diane and Young, Catherine. 2006. Bridging the Gap: The Development ofAppropriate Educational Strategies for Minority Language Communities in the Philippines. SILInternational, Philippines
  9. De Vera, D.E. (2007, August). Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines: A Country CaseStudy. Paper presented at the RNIP Regional Assembly, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  10. Downie M., Koestner, M., El Gleedi R. and Cree, S. (2004). The Impact of Cultural Internalization andIntegration on well-being among tricultural individuals. Mc GillUniversity. Montreal, QC, Canada. Research Support Mesh Publisher
  11. Erla Björk Guðlaugsdóttir, 2016. Children’s first language acquisition: What isNeeded for children to acquire language? BA Essay Kt.: 160790-2539 School of HumanitiesDepartment of English
  12. Erni, Christian (2008). The Concept of Indigenous People in Asia. A resourcebook.Copenhagen/ Chiang Mai: International Work Group on Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA)
  13. Fewell, N. (2010). Language Learning Strategies and English Language Proficiency:An Investigation of Japanese EFL University Students. TESOL Journal, Retrieved from http://www.tesol-journal.com/PDF/A11V2_TESOL.pdf
  14. Hamann, C. (n.d.) Language acquisition. Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg.Retrievedfrom< http://www.unioldenburg.de/fileadmin/user_upload/anglistik/personen/cornelia.hamann/Language_Acquisition.pdf>.
  15. Holzhausen, B. 2005. Traditional Dance in Transformation: Opportunities forDevelopment in Mozambique.
  16. Hussin, S M N. & D’ Cruz, J. V. (2001). Sustaining an Interest in Learning English AndIncreasing the Motivation to Learn English. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.Prentice- Hall.
  17. Kiymazarslan, V. (2002). A discussion of Language Acquisition Theories. HacetteppeUniversity. Science Journal of Army Academy. Internet TESL Journal
  18. Jiang, W. (2000). The Relationship between culture and language. ELT Journal, Volume54/4. Luton, England. Oxford University Press.
  19. Josephson, O. 2003. ‘Sweden on the threshold to multilingualism – a new Swedishlanguage policy’. http://www.eurfedling.org/conf/files/Josephson-English.pdf(visited 2006-10-08).
  20. Klinger, LG. (2001). Academic Underachievement and Attention-deficit HyperactivityDisorder: Implication for Intervention. San Francisco, CA. Oxford University Press
  21. Lewis, P., Simons, G. & Fennig, C. (Eds.). (2013). Ethnologue: Languages of the World.(17th ed.) Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved March 1, 2013, from http://www.ethnologue.com
  22. Lindberg, Inger 2007. Multilingual Education: a Swedish Perspective (pp. 78-83).SwedishResearch Institute in Istanbul Transactions. Vol.18, distributed by L.B. Tauris & Co Ltd.London & New York ISSN 1100-0333.
  23. Little, D. (2000). Why focus on learning rather than teaching? In D. Little, L. Dam, & J.
  24. Little, D.( 1991). Learner autonomy. 1: Definitions, issues and problems. Dublin:Authentik.
  25. Lutz, E. (2014). Cultural Survival.
  26. Maentz, Jacob (2014). The Mansaka of Compostela Valley. http://www.jacobimages.com/2014/06/the-mansaka-of-compostela-valley
  27. Mangandam, Robell 2009. Mansaka Tribes Davao. http://mansakatribes.blogspot.com/2009/08/mansaka-tribes-mansaka-tribes-are-found.html?m=1
  28. Masendo, Abraham L. (2015). The Manobo Tribe Then and Now: An EthnographyInternational Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research. Volume 6. Issue 4, April- 2015 227.
  29. Nauclér, K. 2004. ‘Reading and telling a story in Swedish and Turkish: a cross-culturalperspective on children’s and adults’ narratives’, in K. Fraurud and K. Hyltenstam(eds), Multilingualism in global and local perspectives. Centre for Research on Bilingualism and Rinkeby Institute of Multilingual Research, City of Stockholmand Stockholm University.
  30. Nunan, D. (2003). Practical English language teaching. New York: McGraw-Hill.Paiva, V L M de O. (2007). Second Language Acquisition: From Main Theories toComplexity. Brazilian Association of Applied Linguistics
  31. Ranche, Christian (2015-89271). Issues in Conducting Indigenous Peoples (IP)Research: The Pantawid Pamilya Experience. University of the Philippines-Diliman.
  32. Richards, Jack C. and Rodgers, Theodore S., 2001. Approaches and Methods in
  33. Language Teaching, Second Edition. Cambridge University Press.978-0-521-00843-3 - Frontmatter
  34. Rubenfeld, S. (2001). Second Language Teaching and Acculturation: The role ofMotivation and goal content congruence. Ottawa University. Ottawa, ON. University Press.
  35. Tupas, Ruani, (2002). Second Language Teaching. Office of the Academic Supportand Instructional Services. UP Open University. Philippines. University Press.
  36. Shinzo Hayase, Tribes on the Davao Frontier, 1899-1941. Philippine Studies vol. 33,no. 2(1985) 139–150. Ateneo de Manila University • Loyola Heights, Quezon City • 1108 Philippines.copyright © Ateneo de Manila University
  37. Silverman, D. (2000).Doing Qualitative Research: A Practical Handbook (2 nd Ed.)London: Sage.Skolverket 2005a. Beskrivande data om förskoleverksamhet, skolbarnsomsorg,skolaoch vuxenutbildning 2005. Skolverkets rapport No. 265. Stockholm.