HomeInternational Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovationvol. 2 no. 4 (2024)

Digital Literacy of Pre- service Teachers in a Local College: A Mixed Methods Study

Venice Loraine Labor | Jonelson C. Escandallo

Discipline: Education

 

Abstract:

This study aimed to describe the level of digital literacy and the lived experiences of preservice teachers at a local college in relation to digital literacy in their learning process. Also, to describe the coping mechanism of pre-service teachers on digital literacy with regards to their academic task. This study engaged mixed method design, utilizing parallel convergent approach. The participants of the study were the pre-service teachers from all 4th year level. There were 89 students who were randomly selected for quantitative and 10 for the qualitative: ten for in-depth interview which were purposively selected. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the level of digital literacy is high. The study results indicated a high level of digital literacy. When the quantitative and qualitative data were compared, they aligned, supporting the TPACK framework's argument that it equips pre-service teachers with a strong foundation in digital literacy. This enables students to effectively use digital tools to enhance their learning experience. It can be concluded that pre-service teachers exhibit strong digital literacy skills, particularly in communication, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. The study also highlights the challenges they face in using digital tools independently, as well as the coping strategies they employ to overcome these barriers. Overall, the positive impact of digital literacy on education outweighs the challenges, reinforcing the importance of continued digital skill development.



References:

  1. Abbas, Q., Hussain, S., & Rasool, S. (2019). Digital Literacy Effect on the Academic Performance of Students at Higher Education Level in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review4(1), 154–165. https://ideas.repec.org/a/gss/journl/v4y2019i1p154-165.html
  2. Abdullah, S. M. (2019). Similiarity Artikel:Social Cognitive Theory : A Bandura Thought Review published in 1982-2012. Journal PSIKODIMENSIA18(1), 85–100. http://eprints.mercubuana-yogya.ac.id/id/eprint/16382/
  3. Abella, J. L., & Rosa, E. D. (2023). Digital Literacy and Digital Competence of Selected Filipino Teachers: Basis for a Post-Pandemic Pedagogy. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research4(5), 548–569. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v4i5.378
  4. Ahmed, & Elsawi, M. (2023). The Impact of Critical Thinking in Improving Students’ Learning: A case study of students in the English Department, College of Science and Arts, Tanumah, King Khalid University. European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies11(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.37745/ejells.2013/vol11n11016
  5. Amin, A.M., Romi Adiansyah, & Noor Hujjatusnaini. (2023). The Contribution of Communication and Digital Literacy Skills to Critical Thinking. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia11(3), 697–712. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v11i3.30838
  6. Ancheta, R. C. (2022). Digital Literacy Skills and Extent of Engagement on Digital Classroom Tools of General Education Teachers in an Inclusive Setting. Journal of Positive School Psychology , 4513–45224513–4522. https://mail.journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/7259
  7. Anggeraini, Y., Faridi, A., Mujiyanto, J., & Bharati, D. A. L. (2019). Literasi digital: Dampak dan tantangan dalam pembelajaran  bahasa.  In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana (PROSNAMPAS), 2(1), 386–389. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/snpasca/article/view/313
  8. Apaydın, S., & Güven, S. (2022). Pre-Service Teachers’ Evaluations of Creativity in Higher Education. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research17(1), 58–87. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2022.248.4
  9. Arvaja, M., Sarja, A., & Rönnberg, P. (2020). Pre-service subject teachers’ personal teacher characterisations after the pedagogical studies. European Journal of Teacher Education, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1860010
  10. Aslan, S. (2020). Analysis of Digital Literacy Self-Efficacy Levels of Pre-service Teachers. International Journal of Technology in Education4(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.47
  11. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psycnet.apa.org; American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1977-25733-001
  12. Barbosa Neves, B., Franz, R., Judges, R., Beermann, C., & Baecker, R. (2017). Can Digital Technology Enhance Social Connectedness Among Older Adults? A Feasibility Study. Journal of Applied Gerontology38(1), 49–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464817741369
  13. Batez, M. (2021). ICT Skills of University Students from the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability13(4), 1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041711
  14. Bozkurt, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Viviane Vladimirschi, Schuwer, R., Gennady Egorov, Lambert, S., Maha Al-Freih, Pete, J., Olcott, D., Rodes, V., Aranciaga, I., Bali, M., Alvarez, A. J., Roberts, J., Pazurek, A., Raffaghelli, J. E., Panagiotou, N., Perrine de Coëtlogon, & Sadik Shahadu. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education15(1), 1–126. https://asianjde.com/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/462
  15. Bryman, A. (2007). Barriers to Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research1(1), 8–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689806290531
  16. Cabral, R., Garcia PD, Aquinaldo JT, Barongan DG, None Besweng MG S, & None Padlan E. (2023). Knowledge, Perception and Attitude among Dental Students on the Use of Online Education in a Higher Institution of Learning (HEI). Asian Journal of Healthcare Analytics2(1), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajha.v2i1.4230
  17. Carkit, C., & Kurnaz, H. (2022). The relationship between preservice teachers' critical thinking and epistemological beliefs. International Journal of Progressive Education, 8(1), 114-127. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2022.426.7
  18. Clark, V. & Ivankova, N. (2017). A conceptual framework for the field of mixed methods research. Mixed Methods research: A guide to the field (pp. 1-2). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483398341.
  19. Creswell, J. (2013). Qualitative research in corporate communication. Blogs Baruch Site. https://blogs.baruch.cuny.edu/
  20. Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Pearson/Merill Education
  21. Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson Education, Incorporated.
  22. Dagdilelis. V. (2018). Preparing teachers for the use of digital technologies in their teaching practice. Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 3(1), 109-121. http://ressat.org/index.php/ressat/article/view/345
  23. Demir, S.B., & Pismek, N. (2018). A convergent parallel mixed-methods study of controversial issues in social studies classes: A class of ideologies. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practices, 18(1), 119-149. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2018.1.0298
  24. Dewia, E. R., & Alam, A. A. (2020). Transformation model for character education of students. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(5), 1228–1237.
  25. Djawad, Y., Suhaeb, S., & Jaya, H. (2018). Innovation in learning through digital literacy at vocational school of health. Atlantis Press, 201, 239-244. https://doi.org/10.2991/aptekindo-18.2018.53
  26. Duin, A.H., Pedersen, I., & Tham, J. (2021). Building digital literacy through exploration and curation of emerging technologies: A networked learning collaborative. Springer Cham, 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85241-2_6
  27. Escandallo, J. C., Jane, K., Espinosa, D. L., & Alindao, C. O. (2024). FROM CHAOS TO CONTROL: INTEGRATING TIME MANAGEMENT, INCREASED ENGAGEMENT, AND TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS TO... ResearchGate, 705–714. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13823422
  28. Escandallo, J.C. & Baradillo, D. G. (2024). A sequential explanatory approach on the relationship between social literacy and student engagement as mediated by English speaking skills. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra15397
  29. Ferri, F., Grifoni, P., & Guzzo, T. (2020). Online learning and emergency remote teaching: Opportunities and challenges in emergency situations. Societies, 10(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc10040086
  30. Fleming, J. & Zeegwaard (2018). Methodologies, methods and ethical considerations for conducting research in work-integrated learning. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 19(3), 205-213. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329356405
  31. Gleason, B., & Von Gillern, S. (2018). Digital citizenship with social media: Participatory practices of teaching and learning in secondary education. Educational Technology and Society, 12(1), 200-212. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322733013_Digital_citizenship_with_social_media_Participatory_practices_of_teaching_and_learning_in_secondary_education
  32. Gonzales, M. (2021). Collaborative skills of pre-service teachers. Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 17(17), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.57200/apjsbs.v17i2599-4891.221
  33. Gopinathan, S., Kaur, A.H., Veeraya, S., & Raman, M. (2022). The role of digital collaboration in students engagement towars enhancing student participation during COVID-19. Sustainability, 14(11), 44-68. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116844
  34. Graff, K., Quiñonez-Riegos, G., Scott, J., & Senior, H. (2020). Ethical issues in academic libraries: an annotated bibliography. Journal of Information Ethics, 29(1), 65-88. https://www.proquest.com/
  35. Groenewald, T. (2004). A phenomenological research design illustrated. International journal of qualitative methods, 3(1), 42-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690400300104
  36. Halcomb, E., & Hickman, L. (2015). Mixed methods research. Nursing Standard29(32), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.29.32.41.e8858
  37. Hamayel, H. &Hawamdeh, M. (2022). Methods used in digital citizenship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Digital education Technology, 2(3), 2-7. https://doi.org/10.30935/jdet/12520
  38. Hanson, W. E., Creswell, J. W., Clark, V. L. P., Petska, K. S., & Creswell, J. D. (2005). Mixed methods research designs in counseling psychology. Journal of counseling psychology, 52(2), 224. https://doi.org/10.1037/00220167.52.2.224
  39. Iyer, L. (2019). Critical thinking and it’s importance in education. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339433132_Critical_Thinking_and_it
  40. Juarez, M.A., Perez, J.M. & Ortega, D.G. (2023). Digital distractions from the point of view of higher education students. Sustainability, 15(7), 7-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076044
  41. Khan, S., & Bhatt, I. (2018, January 1). Curation (Chapter for The International Encyclopedia of Media Literacy). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320798407_Curation_Chapter_for_The_International_Encyclopedia_of_Media_Literacy
  42. King, M. (2018). Aggregation, curation, and creation: Digital literacy skills that enhance learning. National Association of Secondary School Principals. https://www.nassp.org/2018/04/04/aggregation-curation-and-creation-digital-literacy-skills-that-enhance-learning/
  43. King, M. (2018). Aggregation, curation, and creation: Digital literacy skills that enhance learning. National Association of Secondary School Principals. https://www.nassp.org/2018/04/04/aggregation-curation-and-creation-digital literacy-skills-that-enhance-learning/
  44. Kwiatkowska, W., & Wiśniewska-Nogaj, L. (2022). Digital Skills and Online Collaborative Learning: The Study Report. Electronic Journal of E-Learning20(5), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2412
  45. Lionenko, M. & Huzar, O. (2023). Development of critical thinking in the context of digital learning. Economics & Education, 8(2), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946X/2023-2-5
  46. Mena-Guacas, A. F., Meza-Morales, J. A., Fernández, E., & López-Meneses, E. (2023). Digital morCollaboration in Higher Education: A Study of Digital Skills and Collaborative Attitudes in Students from Diverse Universities. Education Sciences14(1), 36–36. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010036
  47. Mokhtari, F. (2023). Fostering Digital Literacy in Higher Education: Benefits, Challenges and Implications. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation6(10), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.10.19
  48. Morrison, C. (2018). Copyright and Digital Literacy: Rules, Risk and Creativity. Digital Literacy Unpacked, 97–108. https://doi.org/10.29085/9781783301997.009
  49. Morrison, C., & Secker, J. (2022). 13 Copyright Education and Information Literacy. De Gruyter EBooks, 285–318. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110732009-015
  50. Nalyvaiko, O., & Ronzhes, O. (2021). Creativity in digital environment. Possibilities of application in the educational space. OPEN EDUCATIONAL E-ENVIRONMENT of MODERN UNIVERSITY11, 106–120. https://doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2021.119
  51. Naz, D. F. L., Raheem, A., Khan, F. U., & Muhammad, W. (2022). An Effect Of Digital Literacy On The Academic Performance Of University-Level Students. Journal of Positive School Psychology6(8), 10720–10732. https://journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/15014
  52. Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Dickinson, W. B., Leech, N. L., & Zoran, A. G. (2019). A Qualitative Framework for Collecting and Analyzing Data in Focus Group Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods8(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690900800301
  53. Pandya, A., & Lodha, P. (2021). Social Connectedness, Excessive Screen Time during COVID-19 and Mental Health: a Review of Current Evidence. Frontiers in Human Dynamics3(1). https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.684137
  54. Santoso, N. R., Sulistyaningtyas, I. D., & Pratama, B. P. (2022). Transformational Leadership During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strengthening Employee Engagement Through Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Inquiry0(0), 019685992210951. https://doi.org/10.1177/01968599221095182
  55. Shabani, K., Khatib, M., & Ebadi, S. (2010). Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development: Instructional implications and teachers’ professional development. English Language Teaching3(4), 237–248. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1081990.pdf
  56. Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A. M., & Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2020). Responses to COVID-19 in Higher Education: Social Media Usage for Sustaining Formal Academic Communication in Developing Countries. Sustainability (2071-1050)12(16), 6520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166520
  57. Stephany, K. (2023). Digital citizenship, digital literacy, and education. https://www.cosn.org/digital-citizenship-digital-literacy/
  58. Su, Y. (2023). Delving into EFL teachers’ digital literacy and professional identity in the pandemic era: Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework. Science Direct, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16361
  59. Tetep, T. & Suparman, A. (2019). Students’ digital media literacy: Effects on social character. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(29), 394-399. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1091.0982S919
  60. Turner, R. J. (2007). Diffusion of Innovations. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology14(6), 776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2007.07.001
  61. Umali, T. (2019, August 8). EXCLUSIVE: Promoting Digital Literacy in the Philippine education system. OpenGov Asia. https://opengovasia.com/promoting-digital-literacy-in-the-philippine-education-system/
  62. Vidal, C., Vidal, J., De Los Reyes, C., Ancheta, R., Capuno, R., Pinili, L., Etcuban, J., Niña, R., Manguilimotan, R., & Manalastas, R. (2022). Digital literacy skills and extent of engagement on digital classroom tools of general education teachers in an inclusive setting. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(6), 7203-7210. https://journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/8790/5719
  63. Wang, B., & Li, P. (2022). Digital creativity in STEM education: the impact of digital tools and pedagogical learning models on the students’ creative thinking skills development. Interactive Learning Environments, 1–14. https://doi.org/101080/10494820.2022.2155839‌