Examining the Impact of a Five-week Online Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program on Academic Burnout among Senior High School Students
Carlo Miguel Melgarejo | Christian Pajarillo | Vincent Tajor | Michelle Regalario
Discipline: psychology (non-specific)
Abstract:
Recent studies have highlighted the efficacy of mindfulness training in alleviating stress and anxiety among students while also enhancing coping mechanisms and emotional regulation skills. This one-group pretest-posttest study aimed to assess the impact of a five-week online mindfulness-based stress reduction program on academic burnout in senior high school students from Our Lady of Perpetual Help School in Pasig City. The study utilized the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for students (OLBI-S) to measure burnout, focusing on its dimensions of exhaustion and disengagement. Descriptive statistics and paired samples t-tests were conducted using SPSS® due to the study's small sample size. Results indicated no significant differences between pretest and posttest scores in disengagement and overall academic burnout. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in scores on the exhaustion subscale post-intervention, suggesting that the mindfulness program may specifically mitigate feelings of physical and emotional depletion associated with academic demands. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the potential of mindfulness interventions in educational settings to target specific aspects of burnout among high school students.
References:
- Adnan, M. (2020). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students’ perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 1(2), 45– 51. https://doi.org/10.33902/JPSP.2020261309
- Aherne, D., Farrant, K., Hickey, L., Hickey, E., McGrath, L., & McGrath, D. (2016). Mindfulness based stress reduction for medical students: optimising student satisfaction and engagement. BMC Medical Education, 16(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016- 0728-8
- Almeida, T., Kadhum, M., Farrell, S. M., Ventriglio, A., & Molodynski, A. (2019). A descriptive study of mental health and wellbeing among medical students in Portugal. International Review of Psychiatry, 31(7–8), 574–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2019.1675283
- Baticulon, R. E., Alberto, N. R. I., Baron, M. B. C., Mabulay, R. E. C., Rizada, L. G. T., Sy, J. J., Tiu, C. J. S., Clarion, C. A., & Reyes, J. C. B. (2020). Barriers to online learning in the time of COVID-19: A national survey of medical students in the Philippines [Preprint]. Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.16.20155747
- Bi̇Lge, F., Tuzgöl, M., & Çeti̇N, B. (2014). Factors affecting burnout and school engagement among high school students: Study habits, self-efficacy beliefs, and academic success. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.5.1727
- Clarkson, M., Heads, G., Hodgson, D., & Probst, H. (2019). Does the intervention of mindfulness reduce levels of burnout and compassion fatigue and increase resilience in pre-registration students? A pilot study. Radiography, 25(1), 4–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.08.003
- CNN (2020). Metro Manila to be placed on lockdown’ due to COVID-19. CNN Philippines.
- Demerouti, E., Mostert, K., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Burnout and work engagement: A thorough investigation of the independency of both constructs. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(3), 209–222. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019408
- Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpiński Z., Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and international datasets, EUR 30275 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, ISBN 978- 92-76-19937-3, https://doi:10.2760/126686, JRC121071
- Duarte, J., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2016). Effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention on oncology nurses’ burnout and compassion fatigue symptoms: A non-randomized study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 64, 98–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.10.002
- Gerzina, H. A., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Mindfulness as a Predictor of Positive Reappraisal and Burnout in Standardized Patients. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 24(4), 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2012.715255
- Gilbert, B. (2015). Online Learning Revealing the Benefits and Challenges. Fisher Digital Publications, 34.
- Goodman, M. J., & Schorling, J. B. (2012). A mindfulness course decreases burnout and improves well-being among healthcare providers. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 43(2), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.2190/PM.43.2.b
- Gouda, S., Luong, M. T., Schmidt, S., & Bauer, J. (2016). Students and Teachers Benefit from Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in a School-Embedded Pilot Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00590
- Khoury, B., Sharma, M., Rush, S. E., & Fournier, C. (2015). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 78(6), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.009
- Khoshkerdar, P., & Raeisi, Z. (2020). The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Affective Control Dimensions in Adolescent Girls with Dysfunctional Eating Attitudes. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(7), 1992–1999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01721-5
- Lee, M. Y., Lee, M. K., Lee, M. J., & Lee, S. M. (2020). Academic burnout profiles and motivation styles among Korean high school students. Japanese Psychological Research, 62(3), 184–195. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12251
- Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99–113.
- Nehra, D. K., Sharma, N., Kumar, P., & Nehra, S. (2013). Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program: An overview. Global Vision Publishing House, 35.
- O’Driscoll, M., Byrne, S., Byrne, H., Lambert, S., & Sahm, L. J. (2019). An online mindfulness-based intervention for undergraduate pharmacy students: Results of a mixed-methods feasibility study. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(9), 858–875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2019.05.013
- O’Driscoll, M., Sahm, L. J., Byrne, H., Lambert, S., & Byrne, S. (2019). Impact of a mindfulness-based intervention on undergraduate pharmacy students’ stress and distress: Quantitative results of a mixed-methods study. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(9), 876–887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2019.05.014
- Official Gazette Philippines, 2020. Memorandum from the executive secretary on community quarantine over the entire Luzon and further guidelines for the management of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation.https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2020/03/16/memorandum-from-the-executive-secretary-on-communityquarantine-over the-entire-luzon-and-further-guidelines-for-the-management-of-thecoronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-situation/
- Reis, D., Xanthopoulou, D., & Tsaousis, I. (2015). Measuring job and academic burnout with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI): Factorial invariance across samples and countries. Burnout Research, 2(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.11.001
- Ross, S. J., Owens, K., Roberts, A., Jennings, E., & Mylrea, M. (2020). Mindfulness training: Success in reducing first year health professional students’ study and exam related stress. Health Professions Education, 6(2), 162–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpe.2020.04.001
- Shahidi, S., Akbari, H., & Zargar, F. (2017). Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on emotion regulation and test anxiety in female high school students. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 6(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_98_16
- Son, C., Hegde, S., Smith, A., Wang, X., & Sasangohar, F. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on college students’ mental health in the United States: Interview survey study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e21279. https://doi.org/10.2196/21279
- Tee, M. L., Tee, C. A., Anlacan, J. P., Aligam, K. J. G., Reyes, P. W. C., Kuruchittham, V., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 379–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.043
- The Guardian (2020). Global report: Philippines says schools won’t reopen until there is a Covid-19 vaccine. The Guardian.
- Verweij, H., Waumans, R. C., Smeijers, D., Lucassen, P. L., Donders, A. R. T., van der Horst, H. E., & Speckens, A. E. (2016). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for GPs: Results of a controlled mixed methods pilot study in Dutch primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 66(643), e99–e105. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X683497
- Yildiz Akyol, E., & Demir, A. (2018). Burnout as a predictor of senior students’ mindfulness. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 29(2), 256–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2018.1518741
- Zumbo, B. & Jennings, M. (2002). The robustness of validity and efficiency of the related samples t-test in the presence of outliers, Psicológica, 23(2), 415-450.
- Zhang, J., Shu, T., Xiang, M., & Feng, Z. (2020). Learning burnout: Evaluating the role of social support in medical students [Preprint]. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-53416/v2