A Market Research on LUHANTU’S GEcoWrap – A Biodegradable, Reusable Soy Wax Wrap – in District VI, Quezon City
John Paul B. de Luna | Angelika Charise G. De Vera | Monalisa L. Quimson | Sherwin Roy S. Miana | Christine M. Rosello | John Clarence S. Dael | Rose Ann P. Dacuba | Lovylyn B. Magramo
Discipline: Marketing
Abstract:
Filipinos consume about 41 Titanics of plastics annually (World Wide Fund, 2021). The Philippines is the world's third-ranking contributor to plastic pollution (UN Environment Program, 2016). Plastic pollution has been linked to major health risks, including respiratory diseases, reproductive disorders, and cancer (Greenpeace, 2020). These exacerbating shreds of evidence give life to the purpose of LUHANTU's research: to provide QCitizens with relevant nature-oriented and market information on environmental sustainability.
A structured survey from focus group discussions and a rigorous review of related literature was used to gather data from 385 Cochran-proposed respondents. Data was collected through quota sampling and analyzed using frequency, percentages, and hypothesis testing. The results show that most participants always utilize single-use plastics. But, the majority of them are totally aware of reuse. Hence, the extreme willingness to purchase GecoWrap. Moreover, there is a significant difference between the respondents' occupation or barangay and both the frequency of consuming single-use plastics and the awareness of reuse. Additionally, there is no significant difference between gender and single- use plastics consumption and reuse awareness. Furthermore, there is a significant difference between the awareness of reuse and the willingness to purchase GecoWrap.
In conclusion, Qcitizens are ready to go on the greener side through sustainable practices. GecoWrap will be an influential product and symbol of Quezon City in supporting the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (United Nations, 2015) and reducing the prevalence of single-use plastics in the metropolis with regard to the respondents' background.
References:
- Plastic Pollution Reaching Philippine Waters Are Equivalent to 14 Titanica. WWF's Three- year Project with Grieg Foundation, a Norwegian Foundation, Aims to Reduce Waste by 50%. (2020). World Wide Fund. https://wwf.org.ph/resource-center/ story-archives- 2022/plastic-pollution-reaching-philippine-waters- equivalent-to-14-titanics wwfs-three-year-project-with-foundation-aims-to- reduce-the-waste-by-50/grieg foundation-a-norwegian-
- Plastic Pollution Policy Spotlight: Philippines (2016). UNEP Law and Environment Assistance Platform. https://leap.unep.org/countries/ph/case- studies/ philippines
- King, S. (2020, May 14). Greenpeace Canada. Greenpeace Canada. https:// www.greenpeace.org/canada/en/story/37806/single-use-plastics-are-a-health-risk-period/
- The 17 Goals | Sustainable Development. (2023). un.org. https://sdgs.un.org/goals Guevarra, S. (2022). The Face of Plastic. Ateneo de Manila
- University. https://www.ateneo.edu/news/2022/07/18/face-plastic SEA Circular. (2020, October 27). T Philippines. United Nations. https://www.sea circular.org/ country/philippines/
- Reuters. (2022, November 14). Philippines Lower House Approves Bill Taxing Single-Use Plastics. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/philippines-lower- house-
- approves-bill-taxing-single-use-plastics-2022-11-14/
- Single-Use Plastics. (2022, April 4). OCEANA Philippines. https://ph.oceana.org/our- campaigns/single-use-plastics/
- Ritchie, H. (2021). Where Does the Plastic in Our Oceans Come From? Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/ocean-plastics
- The World Bank. (2021, March 21). Philippines: Plastics Circularity Opportunities Report. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/philippines/publication/market-study-for-philippines-plastics-circularity-report-landing-pageopportunities-and-barriers-
- Ranada, P. (2015, October 6). Why PH Is the World's 3rd Biggest Dumper of Plastics in The Ocean. Rappler. https://www.rappler.com/environment/108276- philippines- plastic-pollution-ocean-conservancy-study/
- The Scourge of Single-use Plastic in the Philippines. (2018). World Wide Fund for Nature. https://wwf.panda.org/wwf_news/?329831/The- courge-of-single-use-plastic-in-the-Philippines
- Schachter, J. & Karasik, R. Policy Brief Plastic Pollution Policy Country Profile: Philippines. https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/sites/default/files/projects/ Plastic-Pollution-Policy-Country-Profile- Philippines.pdf
- Philippines, Plastic Pollution Issues (2022). Enviliance ASIA. https://enviliance.com/ regions/southeast- asia/ph/ph-plastic-pollution-issues da Costa, J.P., Santos, P.S, M., Duarte, A.C., & Rocha- Santos, T. (2016). (Nano) plastics In the Environment - Sources, Fates, And Effects. Sci Total Environ. 566- 567:15- 26. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2016.05.041
- Khalid N, Aqeel, M., & Noman, A. (2021). Linking Effects of Microplastics to Ecological Impacts in Marine Environments. Chemosphere. 264:128541. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.202 0.128541
- Lusher, A. (2015). Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Distribution, Interactions. Marine Anthropogenic Litter. pp 245-307
- Khare, S. (2019). Microplastic Pollution: An Overview of Current Scenario, Challenges, and Research Gaps. Adv Biotechnol Microbiol. 12:14 17. https://doi.org/10.19080/aibm.2019.12.555836
- Obbard, R.W. (2018). Microplastics in Polar Regions: The Role of Long-Range Transport. Curr Opin Environ Sci Heal.1:24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COESH.2017.10.004
- Alegado, J. (2020). Philippines: Banning Single-Use Plastics at the National Level and Strengthening Existing Laws Needed to Curb Plastic Pollution. Heinrich Boll Stift. Southeast Asia. https://th.boell.org/en/2020/01/20/philippines- banning-single- use-plastics-national-level-and- strengthening-existing-laws
- Reducing Plastic Pollution in the Philippines. (2022, March 5). The Borgen Project. https://borgenproject.org/reducing-plastic-pollution-in-the-philippines/
- University of Alberta. (2013). What Is Sustainability? In McGill. The University of Alberta. https://www.mcgill.ca/sustainability/files/sustainability/what-is-sustainability.pdf
- Priority. (2021, May 28). Green is in: The Rise of Environmental Sustainability in the Philippines. Priority Consultants. https://priorityconsultants.com/blog/green-is-in -the-rise-of-environmental-sustainability-in-the- philippines/
- Sustainability In the Philippines (2023, April 18). Aboitiz. https://sustainability.aboitiz.com/sustainability-in-the-philippines/
- Philippines Places 158th Out of 180 in Environmental Sustainability Ranking. (2022, June 20). Business World. https://www.bworldonline.com/infographics/2022/06/21/456316/philippines-places-158th-out-of-180-in-environmental-sustainability-ranking/
- Glossary: Reuse of Waste. (2019). Eurostat Statistics Explained. https://ec.europa.eu/ eurostat/statistics- explained/index.php
- Reuse. (2015, September). Safeopedia. https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/2353/reuse
- Sherman, R. (2019). Before You Recycle, Choose to Reuse. North Carolina State Extension Publications. https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/before-you-recycle-choose-to-reuse
- Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: What Does It Mean? (2017). Ohio Valley Waste. https:// www.ohiovalleywaste.com/ohio-valley-waste- news/reduce-reuse-recycle-what-does-it-mean-3049
- Castillo, A., & Otoma, S. (2013). Status of Solid Waste Management in the Philippines. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsmcwm/24/0/24_67 7/pdf
- Increase Freshness, Reduce Waste | Sustainable Food Wrap. (2021, December 30). Wax Wrap. http://waxwrap.com
- Pearce, A. (2022, July 27). Are Beeswax Wraps a Good Plastic-Free Alternative to Clingfilm? Good Housekeeping. https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/uk/house-and-home/household-advice/a30651443/beeswax-food-wrap/
- Sarah. (2021, August 21). The Ultimate List: Pros and Cons of Beeswax Wraps. Start Simple End Strong. https://startsimpleendstrong.com/the-ultimate-pros-and- cons-of-beeswax-wraps/#comments
- Thakkar, A. (2018, May 25). We Love Beeswax Wrap, A Natural Alternative to Plastic Wrap-Here's Why. Taste of Home. https://www.tasteofhome.com/article/ bees-wrap
- Little Earth Nest. (2019). Beeswax Wraps. Little Earth Nest. https:// www.littleearthnest.com.au/collections/beeswax- wraps
- Andrea. (2020, March 13). Soy Wax Wraps DIY, The Best Vegan Beeswax Alternative. Learn to Create Beautiful Things. https://hungaricanjourney.com/soy-wax-wraps -diy-the-best-vegan-beeswax-alternative/
- Bergfelde, K. (2020).Homemade Soy Wax Wrap. Kristine. https:// www.kristinesday.com/diy-zero-waste/homemade-soy-wax-wraps
- McLeod, I. (2019). How to Make Reusable Soy Wax Wraps. Muccy
- Cloud https:// www.muccycloud.com/2019/09/how-to-make- reusable-soy-wax-wraps.html
- Cheung, A. (2014). Structured Questionnaires. Springer EBooks, 6399-6402. https:// doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2888
- Eticha, B. (2019). What Is the Difference Between a Structured and A Semi-Structured Questionnaire? ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/post/What-is-thedifference-between-a-structured-and-a-semi-structured-questionnaire
- Conducting Focus Groups. (2023). Kansas University. https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of- contents/assessment/assessing-community-needs-and- resources/conduct-
-
- Ilieva, J. (2016). Online Surveys in Marketing Research. International Journal of Market Research. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/14707853 0204400303
- Brace, I. (2018). Questionnaire Design. Google Books. https://books.google.com.ph/ books
- Claudy, M., Michelsen, C., Aidan O'Driscoll, & Mullen, M. T. (2010). Consumer Awareness in The Adoption of Microgeneration Technologies. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(7), 2154-2160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.03.028
- Brown, K., Lada Timotijevic, Barnett, J., Shepherd, R., Liisa, L., & Raats, M. (2011). A Review of Consumer Awareness, Understanding and Use of Food-based Dietary Guidelines. British Journal of Nutrition, 106(1), 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511000250
- Barber, N. (2019). Wine Consumers' Environmental Knowledge and Attitudes: Influence on Willingness to Purchase. International Journal of Wine Research. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2147/IJWR.S4 649
- Zielke, S., & Dobbelstein, T. (2013). Customers' Willingness to Purchase New Store Brands | Emerald Insight. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 16(2), 112-121.https://doi.org/10.1108//jpbm
- How to Determine Sample Size: Four Steps to Take for YourCompany's Market Research. (2022, July 14). GMO Research. https://gmo-research.com/news- events/articles/how-determine-sample-size-four-steps- take-your-companys-market-research
- Al-Hemyari, Z. A. (2018). Is That Possible to Use Cochran Formula (Sample Size Determination) For Heterogeneous Groups/Populations? ResearchGate. The University of Nizwa. https://www.researchgate.net/post/ Is that possible to u se_Cochran_formula_sample_size_determination_for_heterogeneous_groups_populations
- Sampling (Random and Quota) - Market Research Higher Business Management Revision. (2023). BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zjx92sg/revision/4
- Quota Sampling (2016). Boston University. https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/ mph-modules/bs/bs704_probability/bs704_probability2.html
- Frequency Distribution. (2021). Statistics Canada.statcan.gc.ca. www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/edu/power-pouvoir/ch8/5214814-eng.html
- Descriptive Statistics Frequency Distribution and Averages. (2000). University of Sussex. http://users.sussex.ac.uk/~grahamh/RM1web/sthand1.pdf
- Eberly College of Science. (2023). Hypothesis Testing. Pennsylvania State University. https://online.stat.psu.edu/statprogram/reviews/statistical-concepts/hypothesis-testing
- Hypothesis Testing and p-values. (2023). Khan Academy. https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/significance-tests-one-sample/more- significance-testing-videos/v/hypothesis-testing-and-p-values
ISSN 3027-9852 (Online)
ISSN 3027-9887 (Print)